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Genus Acacia Family Fabaceae
Subfamily Mimosoideae
Common Name: Wattle

Synonyms: Racosperma APNI*

Description: Trees or shrubs.

Immature leaves bipinnate, mature leaves bipinnate or reduced to terete or flat phyllodes; 1 or more glands often present on the leaf rachis or petiole or along the upper margin of the phyllode; the base of the petiole or phyllode is often distinctive and ± swollen and is called the pulvinus; stipules often caducous, occasionally spinescent.

Flowers small, in globose, ± ovoid or cylindrical heads in simple, racemose or sometimes paniculate inflorescences, the main axis sometimes grows out into a leafy shoot; separate male and bisexual flowers in each head. Sepals and petals 4 or 5, free or variously united. Stamens numerous, free, exserted, usually yellow. Style filiform, ± longer than the stamens.

Pods mostly leathery or cartilaginous, sometimes woody, flat to terete, usually dehiscent; seeds transverse to longitudinal in the pod; funicle often folded or expanded into a fleshy aril.


Illustration
M. Flockton

Flower
Photo J. Plaza

Herbarium
Sheet

Herbarium
Sheet

Distribution and occurrence: Widespread and abundant, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. World: >1500 spp., trop. to temp. regions of all continents except Eur., common in Afr. & Aust. Aust: c. 960 spp. (most spp. endemic except for c. 8 spp. native and c. 7 spp. exotic), all States (>235 spp. in N.S.W.).

Note: Glands on the rachis within 1 mm above and below the insertion of the pinnae are regarded as jugary glands. Glands on the rachis outside this region are regarded as interjugary glands. Basal pinnae are sometimes much reduced or lost (leaving small scars) giving the appearance of a longer petiole.

The following records of species occurring naturally in N.S.W. have not been substantiated: A. dietrichiana F. Muell. [A. juncifolia Benth. var. planifolia Benth.]; A. gnidium Benth.; A. longispicata Benth.; A. menzellii J.M. Black; A. nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del.; A. prainii Maiden [A. prolifera J.M. Black]; A. resinicostata Pedley.

Many species are commonly cultivated as ornamentals; various species have been used for shade, shelter belts, hedges and fodder as they are fast-growing. A number of species are also the source of timber (e.g. A. melanoxylon); the bark of others are used for tannin, gum and dyes. Seeds are used in food, such as 'wattle seed ice cream' and 'wattle seed scones'.

Text by P.G. Kodela & G.J. Harden
Taxon concept:


Venation details. A, phyllode with numerous longitudinal veins, minor veins not anastomosing; B, minor veins anastomosing between longitudinal veins; C, minor veins anastomosing and forming a fine reticulum.


Leaf types. A, phyllode with marginal gland adjacent to pulvinus and 3 equally prominent longitudinal veins; B, bipinnate leaf with 4 pairs of pinnae (each with 7 or 8 pairs of pinnules) and with glands along leaf rachis and on petiole.


Inflorescence types. A, cylindrical flower head in axil of phyllode (dotted line indicates the inflorescence rachis); B, pair of globose flower heads on simple axillary peduncles; C, pair of globose flower heads on a short axillary axis; D, globose flower heads (5) in an axillary raceme.


Flower, inflorescences and seeds. A, flower (with fused calyx, partly fused corolla, numerous stamens and style); B, globose head with 5 flowers (in bud); C, cylindrical head with scattered flowers (in bud); DF, seeds with funicles; D, elongate funicle not expanded below seed; E, funicle folded and slightly expanded below seed; F, funicle folded and encircling seed, expanded into aril below seed.

Taxa not yet included in identification key
Acacia alata,    Acacia aptaneura,    Acacia melvillei-homalophylla,    Acacia minyura,    Acacia pulchella,    Acacia sericophylla,    Acacia serpentinicola,    Acacia simmonsiana,    Acacia sp. NSW Northern Tablelands (R.Coveny 2257),    Acacia wollarensis

 Key to the species 
1Mature leaves reduced to phyllodes; immature bipinnate leaves usually not persisting, although sometimes reappearing; phyllodes always present on the mature plants.2
Mature leaves bipinnate; phyllodes never or rarely produced.12
2Phyllodes with a distinctly pungent-pointed apex.13
Phyllodes without pungent-pointed apex.
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3
3Flowers in cylindrical heads (length greater than diam.).4
Flowers in ± globose heads (length ± equals diam.).
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5
4Flower heads ± ovoid to short-cylindrical, rachis usually <1.5 cm long.51
Flower heads ± long-cylindrical, rachis mostly >1.5 cm long.
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67
5Phyllodes with 2 or more ± equally prominent longitudinal veins.6
Phyllodes with only 1 prominent longitudinal vein (other longitudinal veins, if present, are less prominent), or all of the veins obscure.
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7
6Phyllodes with distinct lateral or reticulate veins.106
Phyllodes without lateral or reticulate veins apparent.
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129
7Phyllodes with distinct lateral or reticulate veins (at least in dried material).8
Phyllodes without distinct lateral or reticulate veins.
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9
8Phyllodes usually <5 cm long.155
Phyllodes mostly >5 cm long.
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190
9Flower heads in axillary or terminal racemes or panicles.10
Flower heads on simple axillary peduncles or at least appearing so (axillary axis <1 mm long).
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11
10Phyllodes usually <8 times as long as broad.239
Phyllodes mostly >8 times as long as broad.
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261
11Phyllodes usually <2.5 cm long.315
Phyllodes usually >2.5 cm long.
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337
12Pinnules >2 mm wide.361
Pinnules <2 mm wide.
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377
13Flowers in ovoid to cylindrical heads >8 mm long (length greater than diam.).14
Flowers in ± globose heads (length ± equals diam.) or rarely heads ± ovoid and <7 mm long.
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17
14Phyllodes decurrent on stems.Acacia triptera
Phyllodes not decurrent on stems (pulvinus usually evident).
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15
15Phyllodes regularly whorled, either without or with only 1 prominent longitudinal vein.Acacia verticillata
Phyllodes not or rarely regularly whorled, with 2 or more prominent longitudinal veins.
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16
16Phyllodes 1.5–4 cm long; flower heads 2–3 cm long, pedunculate; pods ± straight.Acacia oxycedrus
Phyllodes 1–2.5 cm long; flower heads c. 1–1.3 cm long, ± sessile; pods strongly curved.
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Acacia rhigiophylla
17Phyllodes with 2 or more ± equally prominent longitudinal veins.18
Phyllodes with only 1 longitudinal vein prominent, lateral veins conspicuous or obscure, or veins not apparent.
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30
18Phyllodes <5 times as long as broad, 0.3–1.5 cm long, asymmetric with a hump on the upper margin.19
Phyllodes >5 times as long as broad, 1–13 cm long, ± symmetric, sometimesslightly curved but without a conspicuous hump on upper margin.
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20
19Phyllodes 2–4 mm wide, usually >3 times as long as broad; peduncles 6–12 mm long.Acacia amblygona
Phyllodes 3–8 mm wide, usually <2 times as long as broad; peduncles 2–8 mm long.
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Acacia pravifolia
20Phyllodes terete or at least 4-angled.21
Phyllodes ± flat.
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27
21Phyllodes 4–13 cm long, >30 times as long as broad.22
Phyllodes mostly 1–4 cm long, <25 times as long as broad.
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24
22Phyllodes with marginal gland adjacent to the pulvinus.Acacia rigens
Phyllodes with marginal gland at least a few mm from the pulvinus
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23
23Branchlets ± hairy; peduncles hairy; flowers 5-merous; confined to the Blue Mtns.Acacia ptychoclada
Branchlets ± glabrous; peduncles glabrous; flowers 4-merous; widespread western species.
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Acacia havilandiorum
24Phyllodes in clusters of 2–7 (except on new growth); heads with >50 flowers.Acacia tetragonophylla
Phyllodes usually solitary at nodes; heads with <30 flowers.
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25
25Phyllodes splayed at the base, leaving an ovate to obovate scar 2–5.5 mm long when lost; heads 17–25-flowered; flower heads pale yellow; peduncles 14–21 mm long.Acacia atrox
Phyllodes not splayed at base, sometimes arising from small stem projections; heads 12–20-flowered; flower heads bright yellow; peduncles 1.5–5 mm long;
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26
26Phyllodes with 8 strongly raised lighter-coloured veins; gland near base on swelling; widespread in western districts. (NWP, SWP, NFWP, SFWP).Acacia colletioides
Phyllodes with c. 20 scarcely raised veins; gland 2–7 mm above base; only recorded in the extreme SW of the State (SFWP).
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Acacia nyssophylla
27Phyllodes with conspicuous minor veins between prominent longitudinal veins.28
Phyllodes without minor veins apparent between prominent longitudinal veins.
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29
28Pods curved to coiled; sepals fused for more than half their length; 1–4 heads in axils; south from the Coonabarabran area.Acacia lanigera
Pods ± straight; sepals free or fused to about half their length; 2–8 heads in axils; north from the Tamworth district.
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Acacia venulosa
29Branchlets ± terete, coarsely hairy; phyllodes with marginal gland adjacent to the pulvinus or gland absent; peduncles 2–6 mm long.Acacia bynoeana
Branchlets distinctly angled, glabrous; phyllodes with marginal gland near the middle of the phyllode; peduncles 10–20 mm long.
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Acacia trinervata
30Phyllodes usually <4 cm long.31
Phyllodes mostly >4 cm long.
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47
31Phyllodes >2 mm wide.32
Phyllodes <2 mm wide.
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37
32Stipules mostly 5–15 mm long, spinescent and usually persistent.Acacia paradoxa
Stipules if present usually 1–2 mm long, subulate but not spinescent, often caducous.
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33
33Phyllodes ± triangular, 0.4–1 cm long, with a gland on the upper lobe or angle.Acacia gunnii
Phyllodes ± linear or narrow-elliptic to oblanceolate, >1 cm long, gland usually not as above.
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34
34Phyllodes and branchlets pubescent; pods densely brownish hairy.Acacia aspera
Phyllodes and branchlets glabrous; pods glabrous or almost so.
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35
35Branchlets prominently angled, with raised longitudinal ridges; phyllodes terete or 4-angled; flowers 4-merous; heads with 12–30 flowers.Acacia genistifolia
Branchlets ± terete, not conspicuously ridged; phyllodes flat; flowers 5- or rarely 6-merous; heads with 30–60 flowers.
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36
36Branchlets smooth and ± tessellated, not resinous; peduncles 2–10 mm long; widespread, from Glen Innes to Captains Flat and Gundagai (NT, CT, ST, SWS).Acacia siculiformis
Branchlets rough, resinous; peduncles 10–20 mm long; confined to the Bourke and Enngonia district (NWP).
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Acacia maitlandii
37Phyllodes continuous with the stems.Acacia continua
Phyllodes articulate on the stems.
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38
38At least some phyllodes reflexed or phyllodes crowded on short axillary shoots and appearing clustered at nodes.39
Phyllodes neither reflexed nor crowded on short axillary shoots and appearing clustered at nodes.
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40
39Phyllodes 0.5–1 mm wide, 0.6–1.5 cm long; heads 18–30-flowered, lemon yellow; flowers 4-merous; south from Eden district (SC).Acacia aculeatissima
Phyllodes c. 1 mm wide, 1–4 cm long; heads 50–65-flowered, bright yellow; flowers 5-merous; western species (NWP, NFWP, SFWP).
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Acacia tetragonophylla
40Branchlets angled or flattened and becoming ribbed, mostly glabrous; phyllodes with a ± prominent raised gland 2–3 mm above base.Acacia genistifolia
Branchlets neither angled or flattened, not ribbed, hairy or glabrous; phyllodes with an inconspicuous basal gland, or gland absent.
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41
41Phyllodes mostly >2.5 cm long.42
Phyllodes usually <2.5 cm long.
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43
42Phyllodes 2.5–7 cm long; pods 2–5 cm long and c. 10 mm wide; flower heads bright yellow; western species (NFWP, SFWP).Acacia carneorum
Phyllodes 2.5–4 cm long; pods 4–9 cm long, 3–4 mm wide; flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured; coastal species (NC, CC).
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Acacia quadrilateralis
43Peduncles 0–3 mm long, shorter than the heads; confined to the Blue Mtns, from Newnes Junction to Lawson (CT).Acacia asparagoides
Peduncles 7–20 mm long, longer than the heads; widespread species, throughout the State.
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44
44Phyllodes flat, ± narrow-elliptic, with gland near middle; branchlets resinous.Acacia maitlandii
Phyllodes terete or ± 4-angled, gland absent or near base; branchlets not resinous.
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45
45Phyllodes ± terete and abruptly contracted to apex; pods only slightly constricted between the seeds; peduncles stout, up to 0.5 mm diam.Acacia echinula
Phyllodes ± 4-angled and tapered evenly from near base to apex; pods strongly constricted between the seeds; peduncles slender, <0.3 mm diam.
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46
46Phyllodes broader at base (with a gland-angle), often crowded along stems (>5 nodes per cm); stipules usually 1–2 mm long, persistent; flower heads pale yellow to ± white.Acacia ulicifolia
Phyllodes not broadening at base (without a gland-angle), not crowded on stems (usually <5 nodes per cm); stipules usually <1 mm long, not persistent; flower heads bright yellow.
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Acacia brownii
47Phyllodes ± terete or slightly angled, <1.5 mm diam.48
Phyllodes flattened or 4-angled but not ± terete, 1.5–3 mm wide.
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50
48Phyllodes and branchlets glabrous; branchlets with yellowish ridges; pods strongly curved, twisted or coiled, strongly constricted between the seeds.Acacia rigens
Phyllodes and branchlets minutely pubescent; branchlets without yellowish ridges; pods straight to curved, not or only slightly constricted between the seeds.
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49
49Marginal gland near the middle of the phyllode (phyllode often incurved abruptly at gland); flowers 4-merous; widespread western species.Acacia havilandiorum
Marginal gland near base of the phyllode; flowers 5-merous; confined to the Blue Mtns.
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Acacia ptychoclada
50Phyllodes 4-angled, 2.5–7 cm long; pods 2–5 cm long and 8–12 mm wide; western species (NFWP, SFWP).Acacia carneorum
Phyllodes flattened, 5–10 cm long; pods 4–7 cm long and 3–4 mm wide; Mt George to Bralga Tops (NC, NT).
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Acacia juncifolia
51Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, 2.5–5 cm long and 2–5 mm wide; peduncles 5–12 mm long; branchlets, phyllodes and pods resinous; chiefly confined to the Dubbo, Mendooran and Gilgandra area.Acacia ixodes
Without the above combination of characters and distribution.
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52
52Phyllodes <4 cm long.53
Phyllodes >4 cm long.
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57
53Phyllodes ± triangular with marginal gland on upper angle.Acacia cultriformis
Phyllodes not triangular, marginal gland near base of phyllode
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54
54Pods 7–15 mm wide and glabrous; phyllodes with numerous faint, closely-spaced, non-anastomosing longitudinal veins; widespread on Slopes and plains.Acacia aneura
Pods 3–5 mm wide or if 7–13 mm wide then densely hairy; phyllodes with several longitudinal veins and reticulate between or with only midvein prominent and lateral veins obscure; ST species.
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55
55Phyllodes glabrous, 2–4 longitudinal veins prominent, lateral veins reticulate; heads 1 or 2 on axillary peduncles 0–2 mm long.Acacia alpina
Phyllodes hairy, only midvein prominent, lateral veins obscure; heads 1–10, usually in axillary racemes with axis 1–5 cm long, peduncles 1–10 mm long.
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56
56Phyllodes less than twice as long as broad, with an oblique or hooked mucro.Acacia costiniana
Phyllodes twice as long as broad, with a straight mucro.
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Acacia lucasii
57Pods mostly 2–3 cm long and 7–15 mm wide.Acacia aneura
Pods 3–10 cm long and 2–8 mm wide.
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58
58Phyllodes >4 mm wide.59
Phyllodes usually <4 mm wide.
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61
59Phyllodes finely appressed-hairy, ± oblanceolate to obovate; heads 0.5–0.8 cm long, 3–8 in an axillary raceme 1–5 cm long.Acacia dorothea
Phyllodes ± glabrous, elliptic to narrow-elliptic; heads 0.8–3.5 cm long, 1 or 2 in axils of phyllodes or on short axillary axis.
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60
60Phyllodes with midvein more prominent than other longitudinal veins, narrow-elliptic to ± linear, straight; peduncles 4–10 mm long.Acacia subtilinervis
Phyllodes with 3 longitudinal veins prominent, ± elliptic, ± falcate; peduncles 2–4 mm long.
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Acacia georgensis
61Phyllodes 0.5–1 mm wide, ± compressed-terete, multistriate; west from Nyngan.62
Phyllodes 1–4 mm wide, ± linear to very narrow-elliptic, faintly striate; widespread, from the coast to inland districts.
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63
62Pods 2–3 mm long; bark curling off in narrow strips; phyllodes 13–18 cm long; flowers 5-merousAcacia curranii
Pods 5–7 mm long; bark not curling off in narrow strips; phyllodes 5–16 cm long; flowers 4-merous.
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Acacia burkittii
63Heads 8–15-flowered; flowers 4-merous; southern species (SC, ST, SWS).64
Heads 14 to >50-flowered; flowers 5-merous; northern species (NC, NT, NWS, NWP, NFWP).
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65
64Flower heads bright yellow; pods hairy; south from Holbrook area (SWS).Acacia phasmoides
Flower heads pale yellow to yellow; pods glabrous; south of the Tuross R. (SC, ST).
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Acacia mucronata
65Phyllodes mostly 15–22 cm long; heads usually 14–22-flowered; coast and ranges, north from Bendemeer and east from Inverell district (NC, NT, NWS).Acacia granitica
Phyllodes usually 4–15 cm long; heads >25-flowered; north from Bourke and Tooraweenah, common in the Pilliga Scrub.
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66
66Phyllodes usually 8–15 cm long (range 5–21 cm); heads 1–2.5 cm long, >50-flowered, on short axillary axes usually 5–20 mm long; pods 2–3 mm wide; north from Tooraweenah district (NWS, NWP).Acacia caroleae
Phyllodes usually 4–8 cm long; heads 0.5–1.5 cm long, 25–35-flowered, on axillary peduncles 3–5 mm long; pods 4–6 mm wide; north and west from Bourke district (NWP, NFWP).
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Acacia sibirica
67Phyllodes terete to ± linear, >15 times longer than broad, most phyllodes 1–6 mm wide (range 1–10 mm wide); either no prominent longitudinal veins obvious (though longitudinal striations sometimes present in dried material) or 1 or more longitudinal veins obvious.68
Phyllodes neither terete nor ± linear, ± oblong to narrow-elliptic or oblanceolate, <15 times longer than broad, mostly >6 mm wide (range 2–40 mm wide); with 1 or more prominent longitudinal veins;
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80
68Phyllodes regularly 1–3 mm wide and distinctly grey or grey-green.69
Phyllodes regularly 2–8 mm wide, rarely distinctly greyish, usually green.
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71
69Phyllodes 4–10 cm long, glabrous; pods 7–15 mm wide, ± flat, narrowly winged; seeds oblique.Acacia aneura
Phyllodes 8–20 cm long, hairy; pods 5–8 mm wide, thickly biconvex or ± terete, not winged; seeds longitudinal.
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70
70Shrubs to 3 m high; phyllodes thick, sometimes almost terete; pods ± terete.Acacia ramulosa
Shrubs or small trees 3–6 m high; phyllodes ± flat, never terete; pods thickly biconvex but not terete.
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Acacia brachystachya
71Branchlets grey; young foliage and peduncles often hairy; pods with margins thickened.Acacia petraea
Branchlets reddish brown; young foliage and peduncles glabrous or sparsely hairy; pods with margins not thickened.
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72
72Phyllodes ± straight and thick, ± stiff.73
Phyllodes mostly curved, sometimes ± straight, ± thin, flexible; widespread, from the coast to inland districts.
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75
73Phyllode margins not resinous, smooth, apex acute with a mucro; flower heads bright yellow, 1–2 cm long; on the coast south from the Nowra district and on the ranges south of the Wolgan R.74
Phyllode margins granular-resinous (at least when young, lens needed), irregularly indented, not smooth, apex obtuse, without a mucro; flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured, 4–5 cm long; widespread on the coast and ranges, west to the Braidwood areas and Rylstone.
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Acacia obtusifolia
74Phyllodes 2–6 mm wide; heads very sparsely flowered, usually with 10–20 flowers; flowers 4-merous; south of the Tuross R. (SC, ST).Acacia mucronata
Phyllodes 6–15 mm wide; heads densely flowered, with >50 flowers; flowers 5-merous; on the coast south from the Nowra district and on the ranges south of the Wolgan R.
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Acacia subtilinervis
75Phyllodes usually <12 cm long (range 5–15), mostly with appressed white hairs.Acacia floribunda
Phyllodes mostly >12 cm long (range 6–30), or if less then glabrous.
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76
76Inland species, west from the Wollemi N.P.; flower heads bright yellow, usually 1.5–3 cm long; flowers 5-merous; secondary veins not anastomosing.77
Coastal species; flower heads pale yellow to ± white, rarely bright yellow, mostly 3–7 cm long, if 2–3 cm long then flowers pale yellow to ± white; flowers mostly 4-merous; secondary veins anastomosing.
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78
77Apex of the phyllodes elongate and usually curved or recurved; pod with rough surfaces; phyllodes 2–8 mm wide, bright-green.Acacia doratoxylon
Apex of the phyllodes mostly straight or slightly curved, not recurved; pods with smooth surfaces; phyllodes 1.5–4 mm wide, bluish grey-green.
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Acacia caroleae
78Phyllodes with >6 ± closely spaced longitudinal veins; restricted distribution on the north coast, north of Lismore and in the Laurieton district (NC).79
Phyllodes with 4–6 widely spaced longitudinal veins, or secondary veins ± reticulate; widespread on the coast, north from Batemans Bay area.
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Acacia longissima
79Secondary veins sparsely anastomosing; grows in wet sclerophyll forest and rainforest, north from the Lismore district.Acacia orites
Secondary veins densely anastomosing; grows in dry sclerophyll forest, restricted to Middle Brother and North Brother Mtns near Laurieton.
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Acacia courtii
80Lower veins of phyllodes joining with the lower margin or together some distance from the base (not including minor veins, see Venation details figure above).81
Lower veins of phyllodes not joining with the lower margin or with each other above the base (not including minor veins, see Venation details figure above).
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86
81Phyllodes, branchlets and peduncles finely silky with fawn to golden hairs when young, becoming silvery; recorded from near Enngonia (NWP).Acacia cowleana
Phyllodes branchlets and peduncles glabrous, or if ± hairy then hairs not fawn to golden.
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82
82Pods 8–20 mm wide, ± woody and transversely veined; seeds ± transverse; phyllodes with lower veins joining with the lower margin some distance from the base, minor longitudinal veins not anastomosing.83
Pods 2–5 mm wide, neither woody nor prominently transversely veined; seeds longitudinal; phyllodes with lower veins joining with each other, but not with the lower margin, minor longitudinal veins anastomosing.
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84
83Flower heads bright yellow; ovary densely hairy at least on upper half; phyllodes glaucous to sub-glaucous; recorded in the Grafton area.Acacia aulacocarpa
Flower heads pale yellow to lemon yellow; ovary glabrous; phyllodes pale grey-green to dark grey-green; pods 10–20 mm wide; widespread in coastal areas, north from the Bellinger Valley.
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Acacia disparrima
84Flower heads bright yellow; flowers dense on rachis (check in bud stage).Acacia crassa
Flower heads pale yellow to yellow; flowers scattered on rachis (check in bud).
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85
85Pulvinus mostly 5–9 mm long; branchlets not reddish, often scurfy.Acacia concurrens
Pulvinus mostly 3–4 mm long; branchlets ± reddish, not scurfy.
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Acacia leiocalyx
86Branchlets strongly angled or flattened, 5–10 mm wide; confined to the Tenterfield district.Acacia pycnostachya
Branchlets terete or slightly to moderately flattened or angled, <5 mm wide; widespread, not confined to the Tenterfield district.
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87
87Phyllodes with minor longitudinal veins anastomosing (see Venation details figure above).88
Phyllodes with minor longitudinal veins not clearly anastomosing (see Venation details figure above).
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94
88Phyllode margins granular-resinous (at least when young, lens needed) irregularly indented, not smooth, apex obtuse, without a mucro; flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured.Acacia obtusifolia
Phyllode margins ± smooth, apex mostly acute or if obtuse then with a mucro; flower heads bright yellow to ± white.
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89
89Phyllodes <6 times as long as broad; pods ± curled or twisted; prostrate or decumbent shrub 0.5–3 m high, grows in heath and sclerophyll forest on coastal headlands, sand dunes and adjacent alluvial flats (NC, CC, SC).Acacia longifolia
Phyllodes >6 times as long as broad; pods straight, curved or twisted; erect or spreading tree or shrub 1–16 m high in sclerophyll communities and the margins of rainforest, coast and ranges (NC, CC, SC, NT, CT, ST, NWS, CWS, NWP).
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90
90Phyllodes 2–10 mm wide.Acacia floribunda
Phyllodes mostly 10–30 mm wide.
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91
91Peduncles 4–8 mm long; flower heads bright yellow; inland species, north and west from Denman and Wollar (NWS, CWS, NWP).Acacia crassa
Peduncles 0–4 mm long; flower heads bright yellow to ± white; widespread on the coast and ranges (NC, CC, SC, NT, CT, ST, CWS).
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92
92Pods ± curled and twisted; flower heads 4–6 cm long; peduncles and rachis with a golden pubescence.Acacia maidenii
Pods ± straight; flower heads 1.5–4.5 cm long; peduncles and rachis glabrous, or if pubescent not golden pubescent.
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93
93Pods not moniliform; flowers June-Oct.; on the coast and ranges, but not at higher altitudes (NC, CC, SC, NT, CT, ST).Acacia longifolia
Pods moniliform; flowers Oct.-Mar.; at higher altitudes in the Australian Alps (ST).
                       Back to 92
Acacia dallachiana
94Pods 2–4 cm long and 7–15 mm wide.Acacia aneura
Pods usually 4–15 cm long and 2–6 mm wide.
                       Back to 87
95
95Branchlets and young phyllodes and pods distinctly hairy, hairs simple, appressed or spreading.96
Branchlets, young phyllodes and pods either ± glabrous or if not glabrous then hairs reddish glandular or scurfy with minute whitish or brownish scales.
                       Back to 94
99
96Mature phyllodes <5 times as long as broad; peduncles 0–2 mm long; pods hairy; Emmaville to Torrington district and Kingstown area (NT, NWS).Acacia pubifolia
Mature phyllodes mostly >5 times as long as broad; peduncles 2–7 mm long; pods glabrous or hairy; chiefly on the coast and ranges south from the Hunter Valley and possibly in the Grafton district.
                       Back to 95
97
97Mature phyllodes finely appressed-hairy; hairs on peduncles appressed; flower heads pale to bright yellow; on the coast and ranges, from the Hunter Valley south to Tathra (NC, CC, SC, CT, ST, CWS).Acacia binervia
Mature phyllodes glabrous to sparsely hairy; flower heads bright yellow; restricted to the Bulga to Broke area in the Hunter Valley and possibly near Grafton (NC).
                       Back to 96
98
98Phyllodes mostly 10–15 cm long, green; phyllodes on young growth ± obovate, ± densely hairy; recorded for the Grafton district (NC).Acacia julifera
Phyllodes usually 3.5–10 cm long, grey-green; phyllodes on young growth ± elliptic, glabrous or almost so; restricted to the Bulga and Broke area (NC).
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Acacia bulgaensis
99Phyllodes ± thick and straight or occasionally curved; veins and margins of young phyllodes ± yellowish; flower heads 1–3 cm long.Acacia subtilinervis
Without the above combination of characters.
                       Back to 95
100
100Peduncles 4–10 mm long, mostly on an axillary axis 1–2 mm long; flowers well-separated on rachis at flowering stage.Acacia sparsiflora
Peduncles usually 0–5 mm long, on an axillary axis to 25 mm long; flower heads borne directly in the phyllode axils; flowers crowded on rachis at flowering stage.
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101
101Flower heads sessile, pale yellow.Acacia williamsiana
Flower heads with peduncles 1–6 mm long, bright yellow or if pale yellow to cream-coloured then on an axillary axis to 25 mm long.
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102
102Pods ± glabrous, sometimes pruinose but not scurfy.103
Pods usually with simple or glandular hairs, or scurfy.
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104
103Young phyllodes pubescent; flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured; chiefly north from the Manning R., also from Coxs R. And near Tallowa Dam (NC, CC, NT, CT).Acacia blakei
Young phyllodes glabrous and ± resinous; flower heads bright yellow; Rylstone district to Dharug N.P. (CC, CT).
                       Back to 102
Acacia matthewii
104Pods ± scurfy, hairs absent or margins sparsely ciliate; near Tathra and Wadbilliga Creek (SC).Acacia georgensis
Pods with hairs, simple and/or reddish brown glandular; widespread, chiefly north and west from the upper Hunter Valley, also near Glen Davis (NT, CT, NWS, CWS, NWP).
                       Back to 102
105
105Phyllodes falcate, mostly 6–23 cm long and 10–35 mm wide; flower heads 3–6 cm long; pods usually 5–15 cm long.Acacia cheelii
Phyllodes ± straight, usually 4–10 cm long and 5–10 mm wide; flower heads 1.5–3 cm long, pods 3–7.5 cm long.
                       Back to 104
Acacia burrowii
106Branchlets flattened, ± zigzagged; flower heads 1–10, on axillary peduncles 8–12 mm long, or rarely on an axillary axis 1–10 mm longAcacia complanata
Branchlets not flattened, ± straight; flower heads in axils of phyllodes or in axillary racemes or panicles.
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107
107Flower heads in racemes or panicles, axillary axis >5 mm long.108
Flower heads 1–8 on axillary peduncles or on axillary axis usually <5 mm long.
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114
108Phyllodes >20 mm wide and with 2 or 3 prominent yellowish longitudinal veins and ± undulate margins; pods 9–16 mm wide.109
Phyllodes usually <20 mm wide or if >20 mm wide then without 2 or 3 yellowish longitudinal veins and margins not undulate; pods 2–8 mm wide.
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110
109Phyllodes mostly 3-veined, secondary veins forming a fine reticulation; flowers 4-merous; north from Mullumbimby (NC).Acacia bakeri
Phyllodes mostly 2-veined, secondary veins coarsely anastomosing; flowers 5-merous; north from Narooma (NC, CC, SC, NT, CT).
                       Back to 108
Acacia binervata
110Phyllodes mostly >7 mm wide (range 4–30); pods 4–8 mm wide, curved to twisted; heads with usually 20–50 flowers; axis of racemes mostly >2 cm long.111
Phyllodes usually <7 mm wide (range 3–8); pods 2–3 mm wide, ± straight; heads with 4–20 flowers; axis of racemes usually <2 cm long.
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113
111Phyllodes with 2 longitudinal veins, second vein less prominent and towards the upper margin; phyllodes with 1 or 2 glands, the lowermost usually 1–3 cm above base; peduncles glabrous.Acacia difformis
Phyllodes with 3–7 ± equally prominent longitudinal veins; phyllodes with 1 small gland near base; peduncles hairy.
                       Back to 110
112
112Branchlets usually ± terete, glabrous; phyllodes mostly acute; pods 4–7 mm wide; funicle whitish, folded below the seed; flowers chiefly Jan. to April.Acacia implexa
Branchlets angled, at first pubescent, becoming glabrous; phyllodes mostly obtuse; pods 5–8 mm wide; funicle orange to reddish, folded and ± completely surrounding seed; flowers mostly July to Dec.
                       Back to 111
Acacia melanoxylon
113Phyllodes ± linear, with c. 10 longitudinal veins; heads with 4–8 flowers, bright yellow; chiefly on the ranges and in the Mudgee district (NT, CT, ST, NWS, CWS).Acacia dawsonii
Phyllodes usually oblanceolate, with 3–7 longitudinal veins; heads with 12–20 flowers, pale yellow to yellow; mainly in West Wyalong to Condobolin and Forbes area (CWS, SWS, SWP).
                       Back to 110
Acacia trineura
114Phyllodes regularly 0.5–4 cm long.115
Most phyllodes >4 cm long.
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119
115Phyllodes ± triangular, 1–2 times as long as broad, 4–13 mm wide; south from the A.C.T. (ST, SWS).Acacia pravissima
Phyllodes ± elliptic to ± narrow-oblanceolate, usually >4 times as long as broad, 1–7 mm wide; widespread species.
                       Back to 114
116
116Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, 1–4 cm long; branchlets and phyllodes resinous; pods 2–4 mm wide.117
Phyllodes narrow-elliptic to ± elliptic, mostly 2–7 cm long; branchlets and phyllodes not resinous; pods 4–10 mm wide.
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118
117Flower heads on simple peduncles, peduncles 3–10 mm long, glabrous or hairy, but not woolly; phyllodes usually with 2 prominent longitudinal veins and with a marginal gland at apex; pods 3–4 mm wide, greyish woolly.Acacia montana
Flower heads usually on an axillary axis 1–8 mm long, peduncles 2–5 mm long, woolly; phyllodes with at least 3–5 prominent longitudinal veins, without an apical gland; pods 2–3 mm wide, ± hairy, but not woolly.
                       Back to 116
Acacia ixiophylla
118Branchlets hairy; pods 4–7 mm wide, white-hairy.Acacia lanigera
Branchlets glabrous or sometimes scurfy from minute whitish scales; pods 6–10 mm wide, glabrous.
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Acacia excelsa
119Phyllodes >15 times as long as broad.120
Phyllodes <15 times as long as broad.
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123
120Branchlets resinous; pods 2–3 mm wide.121
Branchlets not resinous; pods 3–6 mm wide.
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122
121Phyllodes dotted with resin glands, with 3 main longitudinal veins; flower heads pale lemon yellow; south from Nowra district (CC, SC, ST).Acacia cognata
Phyllodes not dotted with resin glands, with 5–7 longitudinal veins; flower heads light to bright yellow; chiefly on the ranges north from near Uralla (NC, NT, NWS).
                       Back to 120
Acacia viscidula
122Phyllodes ± narrow-oblanceolate, with mostly 3 prominent longitudinal veins; erect or spreading shrub 0.5–4 m high, bark not tessellated; widespread species, south from Woodburn, west to Wagga and Quirindi districts (NC, CC, SC, CT, ST, NWS, CWS).Acacia elongata
Phyllodes linear to very narrow-elliptic, midvein prominent and 2–10 less prominent longitudinal veins; tall shrub or small tree with tessellated bark; northern escarpment ranges, from the Washpool N.P. to Werrikimbe N.P. (NC, NT).
                       Back to 120
Acacia tessellata
123Phyllodes oblanceolate, ± straight.124
Phyllodes narrow-elliptic to elliptic or ± oblong, ± curved or sometimes straight.
                       Back to 119
125
124Phyllodes mostly 8–14 cm long; heads with 30–40 flowers, ± white to cream-coloured; pods 6–10 mm wide; north from near Red Rock and Gibraltar Ra. (NC, NT).Acacia baeuerlenii
Phyllodes 3.5–8 cm long; heads with 12–20 flowers, pale yellow to yellow; pods 2–3 mm wide; mainly in West Wyalong to Condobolin and Forbes area (CWS, SWS, SWP).
                       Back to 123
Acacia trineura
125Pods densely hairy; branchlets densely hairy.126
Pods glabrous; branchlets glabrous or sparsely hairy.
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127
126Pods curved to coiled; sepals fused for more than half their length; 1–4 heads in axils; south from the Coonabarabran area.Acacia lanigera
Pods ± straight; sepals free or fused to about half their length; 2–8 heads in axils; north from the Tamworth district.
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Acacia venulosa
127Phyllodes dotted with resin glands; pods 4–6 mm wide.128
Phyllodes without resin glands; pods 6–10 mm wide.
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Acacia excelsa
128Phyllodes with 2–5 main longitudinal veins; heads with 16–25 flowers, pale yellow; south from the Bodalla area (SC).Acacia subporosa
Phyllodes with only 2 longitudinal veins; heads with 35–60 flowers, bright yellow; widespread, especially on the ranges and Slopes, but not in the SC (CC, CT, ST, NWS, SWS, SWP).
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Acacia verniciflua
129Phyllodes regularly <3 cm long.130
Phyllodes mostly >3 cm long.
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133
130Phyllodes 4–13 mm wide, ± triangular, 1–2 times as long as broad; pods 5–6 mm wide.Acacia pravissima
Phyllodes 1–5 mm wide, narrow-oblanceolate, >5 times as long as broad; pods 2–4 mm wide.
                       Back to 129
131
131Branchlets distinctly resinous and often angled; phyllodes with marginal gland near the puvinus and sometimes at base of mucro; pods ± straight.Acacia johnsonii
Branchlets not resinous, ± terete; phyllodes with 1 marginal gland near the pulvinus; pods strongly curved, twisted or coiled.
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132
132Phyllodes usually resinous; heads with c. 20 flowers; more widespread, south from Cobar (NWP, SWP, SFWP).Acacia wilhelmiana
Phyllodes not resinous; heads with 10–20 flowers; west of Balranald (SFWP).
                       Back to 131
Acacia sclerophylla
133Phyllodes >14 cm long.134
Phyllodes <14 cm long.
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137
134Phyllodes curved, broad and tapered to both ends, 7–20 mm wide.Acacia harpophylla
Phyllodes ± straight, narrow and ± parallel-sided, 1–6 mm wide.
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135
135Phyllodes usually ± terete, 1–2.5 mm wide, densely appressed-pubescent; veins fine and crowded; racemes with axis <1 cm long.Acacia coriacea
Phyllodes always flat, sparsely appressed pubescent then ± glabrous; main veins ± distinct and usually separated; racemes with axis 1–3 cm long.
                       Back to 134
136
136Phyllodes mostly >15 cm long (range 14–40); flower heads cream-coloured to yellow; pods 8–13 mm wide, moniliform; widespread in western districts, west from Inverell.Acacia stenophylla
Phyllodes usually <15 cm long (range 4–16.5); flower heads yellow to bright yellow; pods 3–5 mm wide, not moniliform; from coastal districts west to Wagga and Quirindi districts.
                       Back to 135
Acacia elongata
137Phyllodes ± terete, 1–1.5 mm wide.138
Phyllodes flat, 1.5–30 mm wide.
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140
138Gland on phyllode 5–10 mm above base; phyllode apex ± hooked; heads usually in racemes with axis 5–20 mm long.Acacia calamifolia
Glands on phyllodes <4 mm from base; phyllode apex not prominently hooked; heads on axillary peduncles or on axillary axis 1–4 mm long.
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139
139Phyllodes 1–1.5 mm wide, with marginal gland adjacent to the pulvinus; peduncles glabrous; pods minutely hairy, 2–4 mm wide, strongly curved, twisted or coiled; widespread in inland district, south and west from Gilgandra (CWS, NWP, SWP, NFWP, SFWP).Acacia rigens
Phyllodes c. 1 mm wide, with marginal gland at least a few mm from the pulvinus; peduncles hairy; pods ± glabrous, 3.5–5 mm wide, ± straight; in the Blue Mtns from near Woodford to Mt Victoria (CC, CT).
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Acacia ptychoclada
140Flower heads in racemes with axis 5–25 mm long; heads with 4–8 flowers.Acacia dawsonii
Flower heads usually on simple axillary peduncles or sometimes in racemes or on an axillary axis 1–15 mm long, mostly 1–6 heads per axil (range 1–20); heads with 10–60 flowers.
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141
141Phyllodes with 10–15 prominent longitudinal veins; heads with 5–16 flowers; peduncles 0–1 mm long; pods 5–10 mm wide, often twisted or coiled; inland regions, west of Griffith and Yetman districts.Acacia oswaldii
Without the above combination of characters and distribution.
                       Back to 140
142
142Branchlets flattened, ± zigzagged; phyllodes mostly 10–30 mm wide.Acacia complanata
Branchlets not flattened, ± straight; phyllodes usually 1.5–20 mm wide.
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143
143Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, 1–4.5 cm long and 2–4 mm wide; west of Balranald (SFWP).Acacia sclerophylla
Phyllodes mostly elliptic to narrow-elliptic or linear, 4–20 cm long and 2–25 mm wide; widespread, not confined to the SFWP.
                       Back to 142
144
144Branchlets resinous; phyllodes resinous, usually prominently dotted with ± raised resin glands.145
Branchlets not resinous; phyllodes not resinous, not dotted with ± raised resinous glands.
                       Back to 143
148
145Phyllodes usually 1.5–3.5 mm wide; pods 2–3 mm wide.146
Phyllodes mostly 3.5–11 mm wide; pods 4–6 mm wide.
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147
146Phyllodes prominently dotted with resin glands, usually with 3 main veins; flower heads pale lemon yellow; south from the Nowra district (CC, SC, ST).Acacia cognata
Phyllodes not prominently dotted with resin glands, with 5–7 longitudinal veins; flower heads light to bright yellow; chiefly on the ranges north from near Uralla (NC, NT, NWS).
                       Back to 145
Acacia viscidula
147Phyllodes with 2–5 main longitudinal veins with minor longitudinal veins between; heads pale yellow with 16–25 flowers; south from the Bodalla area (SC).Acacia subporosa
Phyllodes with only 2 longitudinal veins visible; heads bright yellow, with 35–60 flowers; widespread, chiefly on the ranges and Slopes, not in the SC.
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Acacia verniciflua
148Phyllodes >12 times as long as broad, usually 2–5 mm wide.149
Phyllodes mostly <12 times as long as broad, usually 4–20 mm wide.
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150
149Phyllodes and branchlets silky, ± silvery; pods 5–6 mm wide, moniliform, silvery hairy; from Enngonia south to Willandra Creek (SWP, NFWP).Acacia cana
Phyllodes and branchlets ± glabrous or with scattered hairs, green; pods 3–5 mm wide, ± glabrous, not moniliform; from coastal districts west to Wagga and Quirindi districts (NC, CC, SC, CT, NWS, CWS).
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Acacia elongata
150Stipules usually persistent; peduncles hairy; pods 10–18 mm wide, margins winged.Acacia pendula
Stipules caducous; peduncles glabrous or hairy; pods 3–12 mm wide, not winged.
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151
151Phyllodes 3–6 mm wide, all longitudinal veins usually faint; pods 5–6 mm wide, ± silvery with appressed hairs.Acacia cana
Phyllodes 3–20 mm wide, usually with 2–5 more prominent longitudinal veins; pods 3–12 mm wide, glabrous or hairy but not silvery with appressed hairs.
                       Back to 150
152
152Phyllodes mostly 10–20 cm long, 7–20 mm wide, with 3–5 prominent longitudinal veins; peduncles 10–20 mm long.Acacia harpophylla
Phyllodes usually 4–10 cm long, 3–10 mm wide, with 1–3 ± prominent longitudinal veins; peduncles 3–10 mm long.
                       Back to 151
153
153Phyllodes usually ± curved; heads with 30–50 flowers; seeds ± transverse.Acacia melvillei
Phyllodes mostly ± straight; heads with 15–30 flowers; seeds longitudinal.
                       Back to 152
154
154Flower heads 1–3 per axil or on an axullary axis 1–2 mm long, bright yellow; peduncles 3–5 mm long; pods 3–5 mm wide.Acacia homalophylla
Flower heads mostly 4–20 on axillary axis 2–9 mm long, pale yellow or whitish; peduncles usually 5–10 mm long; pods 7–10 mm wide.
                       Back to 153
Acacia cambagei
155Stipules spinescent, 5–15 mm long, persistent.156
Stipules not spinescent, if present 1–2 mm long and often caducous.
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157
156Phyllodes 2–8 cm long, >8 times as long as broad; flower heads pale yellow to ± white.Acacia victoriae
Phyllodes 0.8–3 cm long, <6 times as long as broad; flower heads ± bright yellow.
                       Back to 155
Acacia paradoxa
157Branchlets ending in pungent spines; phyllodes usually 0.2–0.6 cm long and 1–3 mm wide; confined to the SFWP.Acacia acanthoclada
Branchlets not ending in pungent spines; phyllodes 0.4–5 cm long and 4–26 mm wide, or if 2–3 mm wide then 2.5–5 cm long; widespread, but not in SFWP.
                       Back to 155
158
158Phyllodes <2 times as long as broad; phyllodes ± circular, broad-elliptic to obovate or ovate.159
Phyllodes >2 times as long as broad.
                       Back to 157
169
159Pods >15 mm wide and glabrous; seeds transverse; phyllodes often twisted at angles of 30–90° to stem.160
Pods <10 mm wide or if >10 mm wide then pods hairy; seeds longitudinal; phyllodes not usually twisted on stem.
                       Back to 158
166
160Flower heads yellow to deep yellow (golden); open shrubs usually >1.5 m high, or if shorter then branchlets pruinose or phyllodes usually <16 mm long or if longer than base truncate to cordate; petals >1.8 mm long.161
Flower heads cream-coloured to yellow; shrubs <1.5 m high, or if more then phyllodes >16 mm long; petals <1.8 mm long.
                       Back to 159
162
161Branchlets pruinose and downwards arching; phyllodes asymmetrically cordate or truncate at base; heads mostly >35-flowered.Acacia sertiformis
Branchlets non-pruinose, erect and often curved upwards; phyllodes with acute to obtuse base; heads mostly 20–32-flowered.
                       Back to 160
Acacia piligera
162Flower heads in axillary racemes or rarely on axillary peduncles; at least some phyllodes >3 cm long and broad-elliptic to broad-obovate and moderately to densely hairy; lateral veins of phyllodes <45° to the midvein.Acacia uncinata
Flower heads mostly on axillary peduncles, sometimes appearing as short terminal racemes (as subtending floral phyllodes reduced); phyllodes >3 cm long, ovate and sparsely hairy to ± glabrous; lateral veins of phyllodes >45° to the midvein.
                       Back to 160
163
163Phyllodes mostly >1.6 cm long; tall open shrubs, mostly >1.5 m high.Acacia undulifolia
Phyllodes usually <1.6 cm long; low bushy shrubs usually <1.3 m high.
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164
164Flower heads pale yellow to yellow; branchlets and pulvinus with an indumentum of ± appressed short hairs with longer ± spreading hairs; phyllodes ± glossy green, markedly undulate with the phyllode usually twisted.Acacia clandullensis
Flower heads cream-coloured; branchlets and pulvinus with uniform length spreading hairs, sometimes slightly inclined or reflexed; phyllodes dull grey-green, flat or slightly undulate, sometimes convex but not twisted.
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165
165Hairs on flower buds yellow to golden; phyllodes densely or moderately hairy; branchlets with hairs spreading to slightly inclined.Acacia aureocrinita
Hairs on flower buds grey or fawn-coloured; phyllodes usually sparsely hairy or ± glabrous; branchlets with hairs mostly slightly reflexed.
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Acacia cremiflora
166Branchlets hairy; phyllodes ± elliptic to obovate, ± symmetric, usually hairy.167
Branchlets glabrous; phyllodes asymmetrically triangular, ± glabrous.
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168
167Branchlets distinctly angled; 1–5 flower heads per raceme, axis 0.2–0.5 cm long.Acacia brachybotrya
Branchlets ± terete; 10–20 flower heads per raceme, axis 3–11 cm long.
                       Back to 166
Acacia podalyriifolia
168Phyllodes acute, marginal gland near the middle of the phyllode; 25–35 flowers per head.Acacia cultriformis
Phyllodes obtuse, marginal gland closer to the pulvinus; 6–9 flowers per head.
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Acacia pravissima
169Flower heads on axillary peduncles or on an axis <3 mm long.170
Flower heads usually in axillary racemes.
                       Back to 158
172
170Phyllodes 2.5–5 cm long, 2–5 mm wide; stems and phyllodes resinous; chiefly from the Dubbo, Gilgandra and Mendooran area.Acacia ixodes
Phyllodes 3–12 cm long, usually 5–15 mm wide; stems and phyllodes resinous or not resinous; inland areas west from Cobar and West Wyalong districts.
                       Back to 169
171
171Phyllodes commonly with 3 glands, the lowermost 2–25 mm above the puvlinus and 1 at the base of the mucro; pods 7–11 mm wide, ± woody.Acacia ligulata
Phyllodes with 1 gland near the pulvinus; pods 1.5–3 mm wide, not woody.
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Acacia halliana
172Phyllodes reddish, bipinnate leaves usually still present on mature growth.Acacia nana
Phyllodes green to greyish, bipinnate leaves not present on mature growth.
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173
173Branchlets sparsely hairy, red-brown; phyllodes with 1 or 2 glands, the lowermost 5–15 mm above base; heads bright yellow, with 15–30 flowers; peduncles with appressed golden hairs.Acacia decora
Without the above combination of characters.
                       Back to 172
174
174Phyllodes usually with 2–4 glands scattered along margin.175
Phyllodes with only 1 gland or glands absent.
                       Back to 173
177
175Phyllodes usually acute; pods usually 4–6 mm wide; widespread, chiefly on the coast and ranges, west to near Wellington.Acacia amoena
Phyllodes obtuse; pods mostly 6–11 mm wide; confined to the escarpment ranges SE of Cooma and west from the Cobar district.
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176
176Phyllodes ± narrow-oblanceolate, mostly 5–10 mm wide, commonly with 3 glands, the lowermost 2–25 mm above the puvlinus and 1 at the base of the mucro; midvein ± central; pods 7–11 mm wide, ± woody; inland areas west from Cobar district.Acacia ligulata
Phyllodes ± obovate, usually 8–15 mm wide, with 2 or 3 glands ± evenly along margin; midvein usually acentral; pods 5–8 mm wide, not woody; chiefly confined to the escarpment ranges SE of Cooma (SC, ST).
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Acacia kydrensis
177Phyllodes with 1 gland about 5–20 mm above base and gland prominently exserted; trees 4–18 m high.Acacia prominens
Glands if present not prominently exserted; mainly shrubs, 1–8 m high.
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178
178Phyllodes >10 times as long as wide, usually ± linear to narrow-oblanceolate, hairy mainly on the margins; marginal gland towards the base of the phyllode.Acacia fimbriata
Phyllodes usually <10 times as long as wide, elliptic to oblong, or oblanceolate to obovate, glabrous or ± hairy all over; glands absent or present.
                       Back to 177
179
179Branchlets and phyllodes ± hairy (at least when young).180
Branchlets and phyllodes glabrous.
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183
180Phyllodes usually 1–2.5 cm long and 3–6 mm wide; south from the Newnes area (CT, ST).Acacia kybeanensis
Phyllodes 1–9 cm long and mostly 6–20 mm wide; northern species (NC, NT, NWS, NWP).
                       Back to 179
181
181Phyllodes <4 times as long as broad, 1.5–4.5 cm long; pods 11–21 mm wide; flower heads pale yellow; peduncles 8–20 mm long.Acacia uncinata
Phyllodes >4 times long as broad, usually 4–10 cm long; pods 6–11 mm wide; flower heads mid to bright yellow; peduncles 2–6 mm long.
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182
182Phyllodes with pulvinus <2 mm long; racemes with 3–10 flower heads; flower heads mid yellow; chiefly from Barrington Tops to the Gibraltar Ra. (NC, NT).Acacia barringtonensis
Phyllodes with pulvinus 2–5 mm long; racemes with 10–20 heads; flower heads bright yellow; confined to the Yetman district (NWP).
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Acacia jucunda
183Flower heads pale yellow; pods 3–5 mm wide; heads with 2–8 flowers.Acacia myrtifolia
Flower heads bright yellow; pods 5–15 mm wide; heads with 3–40 flowers.
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184
184Racemes mostly longer than the phyllodes; phyllodes generally <5 times as long as broad; midvein usually acentral.185
Racemes mostly shorter than or about as long as the phyllodes; phyllodes generally >5 times as long as broad.
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187
185Heads with 3–5 flowers; phyllodes narrow-elliptic to elliptic or oblanceolate, apex mostly long-acute.Acacia lunata
Heads with 5–29 flowers; phyllodes ± elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, apex obtuse or short-acute; midvein usually ± central.
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186
186Branchlets, raceme axes and calyces usually not pruinose; phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic, ± acute to obtuse, 2–11 mm wide; heads 7–29-flowered.Acacia buxifolia
Branchlets (at least when young), raceme axes and calyces (especially in bud) usually pruinose; phyllodes obovate to elliptic, obtuse, 6–14 mm wide; heads 5–10-flowered.
                       Back to 185
Acacia leucolobia
187Heads with 3–5 flowers; phyllodes 1.5–3.5 cm long; from Bralga Tops and the Hunter Valley to Richmond district (NC, CC, CT).Acacia lunata
Heads with 5–25 flowers; phyllodes usually 3.5–6 cm long, or rarely 1–3.5 cm long; south of Sydney (SC, CT, ST).
                       Back to 184
188
188Phyllodes oblong-elliptic to ± narrow-elliptic, gland usually >5 mm above base, and mostly conspicuous; pods 7–14 mm wide; south of the A.C.T.189
Phyllodes oblanceolate, gland basal and inconspicuous; pods 5–7 mm wide; confined to the Wombeyan Caves area (CT).
                       Back to 187
Acacia chalkeri
189Heads with 5–8 flowers; branchlets brown to black, strongly pruinose; from Bega district to Bendethera (SC, ST).Acacia covenyi
Heads with 10–20 flowers; branchlets reddish brown, not pruinose; south from Tumut (ST).
                       Back to 188
Acacia kettlewelliae
190Stipules spinescent, 2–15 mm long, usually present at least on young growth, bases often only persistent on older stems; peduncles usually 6–18 mm long; flower heads pale yellow to ± white; phyllodes <8 cm long and <8 mm wide; pods 9–16 mm wide.Acacia victoriae
Without the above combination of characters.
                       Back to 8
191
191Flower heads on simple peduncles (usually 1–4) or at least appearing so with axillary axis <3 mm long.192
Flower heads in racemes or panicles, usually with >3 heads.
                       Back to 190
203
192Phyllodes >20 times as long as broad.193
Phyllodes <20 times as long as broad.
                       Back to 191
195
193Phyllodes mostly >16 cm long; peduncles hairy; pods moniliform.Acacia stenophylla
Phyllodes usually <16 cm long; peduncles glabrous or ± mealy with very fine hairs; pods not moniliform.
                       Back to 192
194
194Branchlets ± terete; flower heads usually 3–10 in an axillary raceme; peduncles 4–9 mm long; pods 8–12 mm wide, seeds transverse; inland districts, west from the Pilliga Scrub.Acacia murrayana
Branchlets angled and prominently ribbed; flower heads 1–3 in axils of phyllodes; peduncles 7–21 mm long; pods 4–6 mm wide; seeds longitudinal; escarpment ranges from Washpool N.P. to Werrikimbe N.P.
                       Back to 193
Acacia tessellata
195Phyllodes <7.5 times as long as broad.196
Phyllodes >7.5 times as long as broad.
                       Back to 192
197
196Branchlets and phyllodes resinous; heads 14–18-flowered, pale yellow; pods 3–5 mm wide, ± straight; south from Rylstone district (CT, ?CWS).Acacia leprosa
Branchlets and phyllodes not resinous; heads with 28–55 flowers, bright yellow; pods 1.5–3 mm wide, irregularly twisted; West Wyalong to Weethalle district and from Balranald to Euston (CWS, SWP, SFWP).
                       Back to 195
Acacia halliana
197Branchlets distinctly angled, flattened or ridged; phyllodes without thickened margins.198
Branchlets ± terete; phyllodes with ± thickened margins.
                       Back to 195
202
198Branchlets resinous, at least on the ridges; phyllodes without or with only 1 marginal gland adjacent to the pulvinus; pods 2–5 mm wide; common on the coast and ranges, west to the Rylstone area.199
Branchlets not resinous; phyllodes with 1–5 glands spread along the margin; pods 4–14 wide; widespread in inland districts, west from the upper Hunter Valley.
                       Back to 197
200
199Phyllodes oblanceolate, apex obtuse, closely reticulately penniveined, extending to margins.Acacia stricta
Phyllodes elliptic to lanceolate, ± acute, lateral veins looping and forming ± prominent veins within margins.
                       Back to 198
Acacia leprosa
200Plants with spreading or short drooping branchlets,branchlets not obviously zigzagged; phyllodes ± erect, green; pods constricted between the seeds; flower heads bright yellow.201
Plants with long drooping branchlets, branchlets strongly zigzagged; phyllodes pendent, grey-green; pods not constricted between the seeds; flower heads pale yellow to ± white.
                       Back to 198
Acacia salicina
201Phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic, usually 2–5 mm wide and with a marginal gland towards the middle of the phyllode; pods 4–6 mm wide, not woody.Acacia rivalis
Phyllodes ± narrow-oblanceolate, mostly 5–10 mm wide, commonly with 3 glands, the lowermost 2–25 mm above the puvlinus and 1 at the base of the mucro; pods 7–11 mm wide, woody.
                       Back to 200
Acacia ligulata
202Phyllodes 6–18 cm long, with 2–5 glands spread along the margin; flower heads bright yellow, 50–70 flowers per head; pods 5–6 mm wide.Acacia beckleri
Phyllodes 2–8 cm long, with 1 marginal gland near the pulvinus; flower heads pale yellow to ± white, 10–30 flowers per head; pods 9–16 mm wide.
                       Back to 197
Acacia victoriae
203Phyllodes reddish (especially when dried), bipinnate leaves usually still present on mature plants.204
Phyllodes not reddish, bipinnate leaves not present on mature plants.
                       Back to 191
205
204Pods strongly curved, 3.5–6 mm wide; funicle not encircling the seed; apex of phyllodes very obtuse but with an abruptly hooked mucro; flower heads 3–4 mm diam., 7–10-flowered; spreading shrubs, mostly <2 m high.Acacia nana
Pods straight, 6–9 mm wide; funicle almost or completely encircling seed; apex of phyllodes gradually acute or acuminate, with a straight or hooked mucro, rarely obtuse-mucronate; flower heads 5–6 mm diam., 9–15-flowered; erect shrubs or trees 2–10 m high.
                       Back to 203
Acacia rubida
205Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, apex obtuse (or rarely subacute) and upwardly curved, well-separated on branchlets, glabrous and with 2–5 glands scattered along margin; flower heads bright yellow on a ± zigzagged axis.Acacia gladiiformis
Without the above combination of characters.
                       Back to 203
206
206Phyllodes usually >20 times as long as broad.207
Phyllodes usually <20 times as long as broad.
                       Back to 205
210
207Phyllodes glabrous.208
Phyllodes hairy.
                       Back to 206
209
208Pods 4–6 mm wide; seeds longitudinal; phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic, tapered into a shortly curved mucro; 1 small gland at least 15 mm above base; recorded only from the Broken Hill district.Acacia rivalis
Pods 8–13 mm wide; seeds transverse; phyllodes ± narrow-oblanceolate, apex obtuse with a short mucro; usually with 2 small glands, 1 near base and the other at apex; widespread in inland districts, west from the Pilliga Scrub.
                       Back to 207
Acacia murrayana
209Phyllodes 4–12 mm wide, hairy with silvery hairs; 1–3 glands spread along the margin; pods 6–10 mm wide; widespread, chiefly on the ranges and Slopes, north from Barradine.Acacia neriifolia
Phyllodes 2–3 mm wide, hairy with scattered pale yellow to whitish hairs, at least on midvein and margins; 1 basal gland present and sometimes a second gland near the middle; pods 5–7 mm wide; restricted to the escarpment ranges and gorges, from Guy Fawkes R. N.P. to Apsley Falls (possibly also in Mann R. N.R.).
                       Back to 207
Acacia ingramii
210Phyllodes usually >12 times as long as broad.211
Phyllodes usually <12 times as long as broad.
                       Back to 206
215
211Plants with long drooping branchlets, branchlets strongly zigzagged; pods woody; phyllodes glabrous, and with 2–5 small glands along margin.Acacia salicina
Plants with spreading or short drooping branchlets, branchlets not obviously zigzagged; pods not woody; phyllodes with 1 gland, or if >1 then phyllodes and branchlets silvery hairy.
                       Back to 210
212
212Phyllodes and branchlets hairy with silvery hairs; 1–3 glands spread along the margin; widespread, chiefly on the ranges and Slopes, north from Baradine.Acacia neriifolia
Phyllodes and branchlets glabrous; 1 gland, either at base or above base; chiefly on the coast and ranges, and inland areas south from Sydney.
                       Back to 211
213
213Phyllodes 4–10 cm long; on the ranges, chiefly south from Tumut (ST).Acacia kettlewelliae
Phyllodes usually 10–30 cm long; widespread, especially in coastal districts, but not south of Tumut (NC, CC, SC, ST, SWS).
                       Back to 212
214
214Flower heads cream-coloured to ± white; pods 7–15 mm wide; phyllodes with a marginal gland above base; young racemes not enclosed by imbricate bracts; restricted to the area from Nowra to Bermagui and inland to the Budawang Ra. (SC, ST).Acacia mabellae
Flower heads bright yellow; pods 4–6 mm wide; phyllodes with a marginal gland adjacent to the pulvinus; young racemes enclosed by imbricate bracts (2–3 mm long and falling early); widespread, naturalized chiefly in coastal districts (NC, CC, SC, ?SWS).
                       Back to 213
Acacia saligna
215Phyllodes with a mucro, apex acute to ± obtuse.216
Phyllodes without a mucro, apex usually ± obtuse or rarely acute.
                       Back to 210
227
216Western species; flower heads bright yellow; inland areas, chiefly west from Cobar district, also near Yetman,217
Eastern species, chiefly on the coast and ranges, west to Wellington district; flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured or yellow to bright yellow.
                       Back to 215
220
217Phyllodes and branchlets glabrous or rarely branchlets sparsely hairy; glands 2–5, scattered along margin; pods 5–8 mm wide, if 8–10 mm wide then ± moniliform; west from Cobar district (NWP, SWP, NFWP, SFWP).218
Phyllodes and branchlets pubescent with short erect hairs; gland small, c. 2 mm above pulvinus; pods 9–11 mm wide, not moniliform; confined to the Yetman district (NWP).
                       Back to 216
Acacia jucunda
218Phyllodes with a long-acute apex.Acacia jennerae
Phyllodes with ± obtuse apex
                       Back to 217
219
219Phyllodes usually with 3 glands, the lowermost 2–25 mm above the puvlinus and 1 at the base of the mucro; heads with 15–24 flowers; pods 7–11 m wide, ± moniliform.Acacia ligulata
Phyllodes usually with 2–5 glands along margin; heads with 50–70 flowers; pods 5–7 mm wide, not moniliform.
                       Back to 218
Acacia beckleri
220Phyllodes with 2–4 glands scattered along margin and margin often indented or angled at least at one of the glands.221
Phyllodes with only 1 gland or glands absent.
                       Back to 216
222
221Phyllodes usually acute; pods 4–6 mm wide; heads 6–12-flowered; widespread, chiefly on the ranges (CC, NT, CT, ST, CWS).Acacia amoena
Phyllodes obtuse; pods 5–8 mm wide; heads 12–25-flowered; chiefly confined to the escarpment ranges SE of Cooma (SC, ST).
                       Back to 220
Acacia kydrensis
222Phyllodes with 1 gland about 1–2 cm above base and gland prominently exserted.Acacia prominens
Glands if present not prominently exserted.
                       Back to 220
223
223Heads with 2–8 flowers.Acacia myrtifolia
Heads 12–45 flowers.
                       Back to 222
224
224Flower heads bright to mid yellow; pods usually 5–10 mm wide.225
Flower heads pale yellow to ± white; pods usually 10–23 mm wide.
                       Back to 223
226
225Phyllodes mostly oblanceolate, glabrous; branchlets glabrous; gland basal and inconspicuous; pods 5–7 mm wide; confined to the Wombeyan Caves area (CT).Acacia chalkeri
Phyllodes ± oblong-elliptic, mostly finely hairy, usually glabrescent with age; branchlets finely hairy; gland 6–15 mm above base; pods 8–12 mm wide; chiefly from Barrington Tops to the Boonoo Boonoo area. (NC, NT).
                       Back to 224
Acacia barringtonensis
226Phyllode base symmetric, midvein central, margin not prominently indented at gland, lateral veins usually obscure.Acacia saliciformis
Phyllode base asymmetric, midvein acentral, margin prominently indented at gland, gland 5–30 mm above pulvinus, obviously connected to midvein by lateral vein.
                       Back to 224
Acacia penninervis
227Phyllodes with a strong ± central longitudinal vein and a weaker longitudinal vein near the upper margin.Acacia difformis
Phyllodes with only 1 longitudinal vein visible.
                       Back to 215
228
228Phyllodes ± curved, base usually asymmetric, midvein towards upper margin, margin usually indented or distinctly angled at gland above pulvinus, gland usually prominent and often with a vein leading to the midvein.229
Phyllodes ± straight, base ± symmetrc, midvein ± central, margins not indented or angled at glands (1 or 2 along margins), evenly tapering to base.
                       Back to 227
236
229Phyllodes regularly <4 times as long as broad; pods usually 5–7 mm wide; heads with 25–40 flowers, yellow to bright yellow; restricted to area between Bermagui and Tathra (SC).Acacia pedina
Without the above combination of characters and distribution.
                       Back to 228
230
230Pods 4–8 mm wide; seeds longitudinal.231
Pods usually 8–25 mm wide; seeds transverse, oblique or longitudinal.
                       Back to 229
232
231Heads with usually 40–80 flowers, bright yellow; peduncles and inflorescence axes glabrous.Acacia pycnantha
Heads with 12–20 flowers, pale yellow to cream-coloured; peduncles and inflorescence axes hairy with fawn-coloured hairs.
                       Back to 230
Acacia falcata
232Peduncles ± hairy with short appressed yellowish hairs.233
Peduncles usually glabrous, rarely hairy and then hairs not yellowish.
                       Back to 230
234
233Flower heads appearing July-Oct.; funicle shortish, folded under seed, not more than half encircling it; phyllodes mostly green, oblong-oblanceolate to oblong-obovate or obovate, mostly curved, 8–22 cm long, 12–40 mm wide, branchlets brown, sometimes ± pruinose; widespread species (NC, CC, SC, NT, CT, ST, NWS, CWS, SWP).Acacia falciformis
Flower heads appearing Jan.-Mar.; funicle elongated, completely or almost completely encircling seed; phyllodes glaucous or subglaucous, obovate, oblanceolate or narrow-elliptic, smoothly curved (not oblong), 5–14 cm long, 8–30 mm wide; branchlets glaucous to pruiunose; confined to the granite ranges of NE N.S.W. (NC, NT).
                       Back to 232
Acacia nova-anglica J.B.Williams ms. (Williams 97011)
234Flower heads pale yellow to ± white; widespread species, from coastal districts to inland districts (NC, CC, NT, CT, ST, NWS, CWS, NWP).Acacia penninervis
Flower heads bright yellow to yellow; chiefly on the ranges, south from the Goulburn R. valley (CT, ST, CWS).
                       Back to 232
235
235Pulvinus c. 2 mm long; pods 7–12 mm wide; inflorecence axis 1.5–5 cm long, ± straight; heads with 15–25 flowers.Acacia obtusata
Pulvinus 4–7 mm long; pods usually 12–25 mm wide; inflorescence axis 1–10 cm long, zigzagged; heads with 20–35 flowers.
                       Back to 234
Acacia obliquinervia
236Pods 3–7 cm long and 8–14 mm wide; seeds transverse; heads with 45–60 flowers, bright yellow; restricted to the Broken Hill district.Acacia notabilis
Without the above combination of characters and distribution.
                       Back to 228
237
237Phyllodes oblanceolate, tapering to base from near the apex, 3–12 mm wide, secondary veins longitudinally anastomosing, with 1 or 2 glands along margin; flower heads bright yellow; pods 4–6 mm wide.Acacia hakeoides
Phyllodes narrow-elliptic to oblanceolate, tapering to apex and base from about a third to halfway below apex, 7–40 mm wide, finely penniveined, with 1 gland above base; flower heads pale yellow to white; pods 5–25 mm wide.
                       Back to 236
238
238Pods 12–25 mm wide; heads with 15–30 flowers; peduncles and inflorescence axes mostly glabrous, rarely appressed-hairy.Acacia penninervis
Pods 5–8 mm wide; heads with 12–20 flowers; peduncles and inflorescence axes hairy with fawn-coloured hairs.
                       Back to 237
Acacia falcata
239Phyllodes reddish (especially when dried); bipinnate leaves usually still present on mature plants; heads with 7–15 flowers, bright yellow to pale yellow.240
Phyllodes not reddish, or if reddish then heads 2–8-flowered and pale yellow to ± white; bipinnate leaves not present on mature plants.
                       Back to 10
241
240Pods strongly curved, 3.5–6 mm wide; funicle not encircling the seed; apex of phyllodes very obtuse but with an abruptly hooked mucro; flower heads 3–4 mm diam., 7–10-flowered; spreading shrubs, mostly <2 m high.Acacia nana
Pods straight, 6–9 mm wide; funicle almost or completely encircling seed; apex of phyllodes gradually acute or acuminate, with a straight or hooked mucro, rarely obtuse-mucronate; flower heads 5–6 mm diam., 9–15-flowered; erect shrubs or trees 2–10 m high.
                       Back to 239
Acacia rubida
241Mature phyllodes hairy, at least on the margins or midvein; stems sparsely to densely hairy.242
Mature phyllodes glabrous or almost so; stems glabrous or sparsely hairy.
                       Back to 239
247
242Phyllodes <3 times as long as broad.243
Phyllodes >3 times as long as broad.
                       Back to 241
245
243Stipules caducous; pods glabrous, 3–11 cm long, seeds longitudinal; CT and CWS species.Acacia vestita
Stipules persistent; pods hairy, 1.5–5 cm long, seeds transverse; ST species.
                       Back to 242
244
244Phyllodes ± asymmetrically elliptic to ovate, less than twice as long as broad, margins ± undulate.Acacia costiniana
Phyllodes oblong to oblanceolate, more than twice as long as broad, margins not undulate.
                       Back to 243
Acacia lucasii
245Phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic to elliptic; flower heads globose; pods 7–18 mm wide, glabrous or very finely hairy; widespread in inland districts, west from the Kowmung R. and the upper Hunter Valley.246
Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, 5–20 mm wide; flower heads ± ovoid; pods 5–8 mm wide, densely hairy; from Newnes district to near Robertson (CT).
                       Back to 242
Acacia dorothea
246Racemes with 8–26 heads, axis 1.5–5 cm long; pods 7–10 mm wide, glabrous; from the Kowmung R. and adjacent Coxs R. area (CC, CT).Acacia clunies-rossiae
Racemes with 2–4 heads, axis <1.5 cm long; pods 10–18 mm wide, margins winged; widespread in inland districts, west from the upper Hunter Valley (NC, NWS, CWS, NWP, SWP, NFWP).
                       Back to 245
Acacia pendula
247Branchlets red-brown, usually sparsely hairy; phyllodes with 1 or 2 glands, the lowermost 5–15 mm above base, not strongly indented or angled; heads bright yellow, with 15–30 flowers; peduncles with appressed golden hairs.Acacia decora
Without the above combination of characters.
                       Back to 241
248
248Phyllodes <5 times as long as broad, ± thick and ± rigid, elliptic to ± obovate.249
Phyllodes >5 times as long as broad, ± thin and flexible, oblong to oblanceolate or narrow-elliptic.
                       Back to 247
257
249Phyllodes with usually 2–4 prominent marginal glands.250
Phyllodes with 1 gland towards base or gland absent.
                       Back to 248
251
250Phyllodes usually acute, with a straight mucro; heads with 6–12 flowers; pods 4–6 mm wide; widespread, chiefly on the ranges.Acacia amoena
Phyllodes obtuse, without a mucro; heads with 12–25 flowers; pods 5–8 mm wide; escarpment ranges SE of Cooma (SC, ST).
                       Back to 249
Acacia kydrensis
251Immature phyllodes hairy; branchlets hairy.252
Immature phyllodes glabrous; branchlets glabrous.
                       Back to 249
253
252Phyllodes mostly 2.5- 6 cm long; pods 7–10 mm wide; racemes with 8–26 flower heads.Acacia clunies-rossiae
Phyllodes usually 1–2.5 cm long; pods 8–15 mm wide; racemes with 3–8 flower heads.
                       Back to 251
Acacia kybeanensis
253Phyllodes with 1 marginal gland adjacent to pulvinus; heads with 30–50 flowers; pods 7–10 mm wide.Acacia melvillei
Phyllodes without or with 1 marginal gland at least a few mm from the pulvinus; heads with <30 flowers; pods 2.5–8 mm wide.
                       Back to 251
254
254Flower heads pale yellow to white; pods 2.5–5 mm wide; phyllodes usually asymmetric with midvein acentral; phyllodes 2–9 cm long and 5–30 mm wide.Acacia myrtifolia
Flower heads bright yellow; pods 5–15 mm wide; phyllodes symmetric to asymmetric, midvein central or rarely ± acentral; phyllodes 1–4.5 cm long and 3–14 mm wide.
                       Back to 253
255
255Heads with 3–5 flowers; phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic.Acacia lunata
Heads with 5–29 flowers; phyllodes mostly elliptic or obovate, rarely ± narrow-elliptic.
                       Back to 254
256
256Branchlets, raceme axes and calyces usually not pruinose; phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic, ± acute to obtuse, 2–11 mm wide; heads 7–29-flowered.Acacia buxifolia
Branchlets (at least when young), raceme axes and calyces (especially in bud) usually pruinose; phyllodes obovate to elliptic, obtuse, 6–14 mm wide; heads 5–10-flowered.
                       Back to 255
Acacia leucolobia
257Phyllodes 1–2 mm wide; confined to the Grafton area.Acacia ruppii
Phyllodes >3 mm wide; on the coast and ranges, but not in the Grafton area.
                       Back to 248
258
258Phyllodes glaucous or subglaucous; heads with 5–14 flowers.259
Phyllodes green; heads with 15–30 flowers.
                       Back to 257
260
259Phyllodes usually 5–10 mm wide; heads with 5–8 flowers; from Bendethera to Bega district (SC, ST).Acacia covenyi
Phyllodes 3–5 mm wide; heads with 6–14 flowers; in the Newnes area and south from the Snowy Mtns (CT, ST).
                       Back to 258
Acacia kybeanensis
260Phyllodes 4–16.5 cm long, margins not thickened; pods 7–13 mm wide; widespread in western districts, west from the upper Hunter Valley (NC, NWS, CWS, SWS, NWP, SWP, NFWP, SFWP).Acacia salicina
Phyllodes 2.5–6 cm long, margins thickened; pods 5–7 mm wide; confined to limestone near the Wombeyan Caves (CT).
                       Back to 258
Acacia chalkeri
261Mature phyllodes hairy, at least on the margins or midvein.262
Mature phyllodes glabrous or almost so.
                       Back to 10
273
262Phyllodes usually <5 cm long.263
Phyllodes >5 cm long.
                       Back to 261
264
263Branchlets densely hairy; phyllodes ± narrow-oblanceolate, 1–2.5 cm long, hairy; 1–3 flower heads in axils or on axillary axis 6–10 mm long; north from the Torrington district.Acacia torringtonensis
Branchlets glabrous or sparsely hairy; phyllodes ± linear to narrow-lanceolate, 2–5 cm long, hairy mainly on the margins; 8–25 flower heads in racemes usually 2.5–7.5 cm long; widespread on the coast and ranges, west to Inverell district.
                       Back to 262
Acacia fimbriata
264Phyllodes usually <3 mm wide.265
Phyllodes mostly >3 mm wide.
                       Back to 262
268
265Phyllodes with 1 vein and with a prominent basal gland; heads with 14–23 flowers; raceme axis usually 2.5–5 cm long; pods irregularly twisted; NT species.Acacia ingramii
Phyllodes with >1 vein, basal gland small or absent; heads with 25–50 flowers; raceme axis 0.1–2.5 cm long; pods straight to curved; western species.
                       Back to 264
266
266Phyllodes 15–35 cm long.Acacia coriacea
Phyllodes 5–14 cm long.
                       Back to 265
267
267Phyllodes ± compressed terete, 1–2 mm wide; pods 2–5 mm wide; flower heads onsimple axillary peduncles or an axillary axis 1–5 mm long.Acacia loderi
Phyllodes linear to very narrow-elliptic, 2–7 mm wide; pods 5–7 mm wide; flower heads on an axillary axis 1–20 mm long.
                       Back to 266
Acacia calcicola
268Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, margin usually prominently indented at gland, usually at least 10 mm above base; heads ± ovoid; confined to the Blue Mtns, from Newnes to near Robertson.Acacia dorothea
Phyllodes ± linear to elliptic, rarely ± oblanceolate, glands 1–3, usually inconspicuous; heads globose; western species, chiefly on the Slopes and ranges north from Burrinjuck.
                       Back to 264
269
269Raceme axis 3–9 cm long; pods glabrous.270
Raceme axis 0.1–2.5 cm long; pods finely hairy.
                       Back to 268
271
270Heads with 12–20 flowers; phyllodes mostly 5–8 cm long and 3–5 mm wide, bluish green, with 1 small gland near base; chiefly flowers July to Oct.Acacia caesiella
Heads with 20–40 flowers; phyllodes mostly 8–15 cm long and 6–12 mm wide, silvery, with 1–3 glands along margin; chiefly flowers from Nov. to Jan., but occasionally July and Aug.
                       Back to 269
Acacia neriifolia
271Pods 8–20 mm wide, not moniliform, margins winged; phyllodes 4–10 mm wide, ± curved, with asymmetric base; stipules persistent.Acacia pendula
Pods 5–7 mm wide, moniliform, not winged; phyllodes 2–7 mm wide, straight to slightly curved, with symmetric base; stipules caducous.
                       Back to 269
272
272Raceme axis 0.1–0.3 cm long; west of Enngonia and south to Willandra Creek (SWS, NFWP).Acacia cana
Raceme axis 1–2 cm long; extreme NW of the State near Tibooburra (NFWP).
                       Back to 271
Acacia calcicola
273Phyllodes reddish, bipinnate leaves sometimes present on mature growth.Acacia latisepala
Phyllodes not reddish, bipinnate leaves usually not present on mature growth.
                       Back to 261
274
274Young racemes enclosed by imbricate bracts c. 5 mm long; flower heads pale yellow to almost white; pods 6–17 mm wide; phyllodes 5–15 cm long and usually 3–8 mm wide and ± subglaucous.275
Without the above combination of characters.
                       Back to 273
276
275Pods 2–5 cm long, 8–19 mm wide; seeds transverse; heads 3–10-flowered; peduncles 1–5 mm long; racemes with 5–10 heads; widespread on the coast and ranges.Acacia suaveolens
Pods 5–13 cm long, 6–12 mm wide; seeds longitudinal; heads 12–17-flowered; peduncles 6–10 mm long; racemes with 12–17 heads; phyllodes with 1 gland 5–10 mm above base; often cultivated, occasionally naturalized.
                       Back to 274
Acacia iteaphylla
276Phyllodes regularly <5 cm long.277
Phyllodes mostly >5 cm long.
                       Back to 274
284
277Phyllodes 0.4–2 mm wide; branchlets not reddish brown; heads with either 4–12 or >30 flowers, pale yellow to ± white or yellow to bright yellow.278
Phyllodes mostly 2–5 mm wide (range 1.5–7 mm); branchlets usually reddish brown; heads with 15–25 flowers, bright yellow.
                       Back to 276
281
278Phyllodes ± narrow-oblanceolate; heads with 30–35 flowers, bright yellow; confined to the Grafton district (NC).Acacia ruppii
Phyllodes ± linear; heads with 4–12 flowers, dark to pale yellow to ± white; south from the Hunter Valley (NC, CC, CT).
                       Back to 277
279
279Midvein usually visible; branchlets mostly glabrous; heads with 5–12 flowers; south from the Hunter Valley (NC, CC, CT, ST).280
Midvein not visible; branchlets with short stiff hairs; heads usually with 4–6 flowers; confined to the Lithgow and Orange districts (CT).
                       Back to 278
Acacia meiantha
280Flower heads pale yellow to ± white; pods 8–15 mm wide; from the Hunter Valley to the Narooma district (NC, CC, CT).Acacia linifolia
Flower heads bright yellow; pods 4–6 mm wide; south from Cooma (ST).
                       Back to 279
Acacia boormanii
281Branches sparsely hairy; phyllodes with 1 or 2 glands, the lowermost 5–15 mm above base; peduncles with appressed golden hairs; widespread in western districts, but chiefly on the Western Slopes.Acacia decora
Branchlets glabrous; gland absent or 1 along margin; peduncles glabrous or very sparsely hairy with whitish hairs; chiefly south and east from near Rylstone, also near Jerilderie.
                       Back to 277
282
282Phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic; peduncles 1–5 mm long; racemes with 7–14 heads; south from Tumut, chiefly in the Kybean Ra. (ST).Acacia kettlewelliae
Phyllodes ± oblanceolate; peduncles 2–4 mm long; racemes with 2–7 heads; north and west from the Budawang Ra.
                       Back to 281
283
283Phyllodes usually 3–5 mm wide; pods 7–10 mm wide, not moniliform; from Rylstone district to the Budawang Ra. (SC, CT, ST).Acacia hamiltoniana
Phyllodes 1.5–3 mm wide; pods 3–3.5 mm wide, ± moniliform; from near Jerilderie and possibly near Bourke (SWP, NWP).
                       Back to 282
Acacia williamsonii
284Immature phyllodes hairy; branchlets hairy.285
Immature phyllodes glabrous; branchlets glabrous or hairy.
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289
285Inflorescences with axis 2–9 cm long.286
Inflorescences with axis 0.2–1.5 cm long.
                       Back to 284
287
286Heads with 12–20 flowers; phyllodes mostly 5–8 cm long and 3–5 mm wide, bluish green, with 1 small gland near base; chiefly flowers July to Oct.Acacia caesiella
Heads with 20–40 flowers; phyllodes mostly 8–15 cm long and 5–12 mm wide, usually silvery, with 1–3 glands along margin; chiefly flowers from Nov. to Jan., but occasionally July and Aug.
                       Back to 285
Acacia neriifolia
287Stipules usually persistent; peduncles hairy; pods 10–18 mm wide, margins winged.Acacia pendula
Stipules caducous; peduncles glabrous or hairy; pods 7–10 mm wide, not winged.
                       Back to 285
288
288Phyllodes usually ± curved; flower heads bright yellow, with 30–50 flowers; seeds transverse.Acacia melvillei
Phyllodes mostly ± straight; flower heads pale yellow or whitish, with 15–30 flowers; seeds longitudinal.
                       Back to 287
Acacia cambagei
289Branchlets hairy.290
Branchlets glabrous or rarely scurfy from small scales.
                       Back to 284
291
290Phyllodes ± very narrow-elliptic to ± linear, 2–10 mm wide, midvein prominent; heads with 30–45 flowers; in the Broken Hill area (NFWP).Acacia rivalis
Phyllodes ± terete, 0.4–1.2 mm wide, midvein not visible; heads usually with 4–6 flowers; confined to the Lithgow and Orange districts (CT).
                       Back to 289
Acacia meiantha
291Phyllodes neither terete nor ± linear, mostly ± oblong to ± elliptic or oblanceolate, <20 times as long as broad, mostly 3–20 mm wide.292
Phyllodes ± compressed-terete to ± linear or very narrow-oblanceolate, >20 times as long as broad, 1–5 mm wide.
                       Back to 289
302
292Phyllodes with 2–5 glands spread along the margin.293
Phyllodes without glands, or only 1 gland present.
                       Back to 291
296
293Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, apex obtuse (or rarely subacute), margins thickened, upwardly curved and well-separated on branchlets; flower heads bright yellow, 6–12 on a ± zigzagged axis.Acacia gladiiformis
Without the above combination of characters.
                       Back to 292
294
294Phyllodes mostly 5–12 mm wide; heads 15–30-flowered; pods 7–13 mm wide.295
Phyllodes 8–20 mm wide; heads 50–70-flowered; pods 5–6 mm wide.
                       Back to 293
Acacia beckleri
295Phyllodes green, thick, wrinkled when dry, usually with a straight mucro; pods ± woody, constricted between the seeds, surfaces ± smooth, easily breaking into 1-seeded segments; flower heads bright yellow.Acacia ligulata
Phyllodes greyish, flaccid, not wrinkled when dry, without or with an oblique or hooked mucro; pods not deeply constricted between the seeds, surfaces rough, not breaking into 1-seeded segments; flower heads pale yellow to ± white.
                       Back to 294
Acacia salicina
296Restricted to the ranges south from Tumut (ST); branchlets reddish brown.Acacia kettlewelliae
Western species, widespread, chiefly west from the Hunter Valley, also in coastal districts, not in the ST; branchlets not reddish brown.
                       Back to 292
297
297Plants with long drooping branchlets, branchlets usually zigzagged; pods ± woody; phyllodes glabrous and with 2–5 small glands along margin.Acacia salicina
Plants with spreading or short drooping branchlets, branchlets not obviously zigzagged; pods not woody; phyllodes finely hairy to glabrous, with 1 gland, or if >1 then phyllodes and branchlets silvery hairy.
                       Back to 296
298
298Phyllodes finely hairy; stipules usually persistent; peduncles hairy; pods 10–18 mm wide, margins winged.Acacia pendula
Phyllodes glabrous or mostly glabrous; stipules caducous; peduncles glabrous or hairy; pods 4–12 mm wide, not winged.
                       Back to 297
299
299Phyllodes mostly 10–30 cm long and 10–50 mm wide; pods 4–6 mm wide.Acacia saligna
Phyllodes usually 4–12 cm long and 2–10 mm wide; pods usually 7–12 mm wide.
                       Back to 298
300
300Pods 4–6 mm wide; flower heads usually 4–12 in an axillary raceme 1.5–4 cm long.Acacia rivalis
Pods usually 7–10 mm wide; flower heads 2–20 on an axillary axis 2–9 mm long;
                       Back to 299
301
301Phyllodes usually ± curved; flower heads bright yellow, with 30–50 flowers; seeds ± transverse.Acacia melvillei
Phyllodes mostly ± straight; flower heads pale yellow or whitish, with 15–30 flowers; seeds longitudinal.
                       Back to 300
Acacia cambagei
302Phyllodes with 1–3 glands spread along the margin.303
Phyllodes without or with only 1 marginal gland.
                       Back to 291
305
303Heads with 20–30 flowers; pods 5–7.5 mm wide; south from the Hunter Valley (CT, CWS, SWS).Acacia linearifolia
Heads with 10–20 flowers; pods 10–13 mm wide; north from Deepwater and Torrington districts (NC, NT, NWS).
                       Back to 302
304
304Peduncles 3–4 mm long, glabrous; raceme axis 2.5–3.5 cm long, with 8–11 heads; basal gland rounded and ± protruding, usually about 3–4 cm from base.Acacia adunca
Peduncles 2–5 mm long, pubescent; raceme axis 3–5 cm long, with 5–9 heads; basal gland ± elongated and depressed, usually 1–2.5 cm from base.
                       Back to 303
Acacia macnuttiana
305Phyllodes ± terete or 4-angled, sometimes ± compressed, 0.5–1.5 mm wide, usually >30 times as long as broad, green.306
Phyllodes ± linear, usually >1.5 mm wide (range 1–5 mm), mostly <30 times as long as broad, glaucous, greyish or green.
                       Back to 302
307
306Phyllodes thin and flexible; heads with 30–40 flowers; inflorescences with axis 0.5–2 cm long; chiefly from Nymagee to Griffith (CWS, SWP).Acacia calamifolia
Phyllodes thick and leathery; heads with 12–20 flowers; inflorescences with axis 2.5–4 cm long; from the upper Hunter valley to Dubbo and Warialda (NWS, CWS, NWP).
                       Back to 305
Acacia subulata
307Far-western species, west from Cobar and Jerilderie districts; pods 3–6 mm wide, ± moniliform308
Widespread species, from the escarpment ranges west to the Warrumbungle N.P. and the Torrington district (NC, NT, CT, ST, NWS); pods 4–12 mm wide, not moniliform or sometimes scarcely moniliform.
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309
308Inflorescences with axis <1 cm long; peduncles 3–8 mm long; phyllodes usually 2.5–5 mm wide, very narrow-elliptic; pods finely hairy with appressed hairs.Acacia cana
Inflorescences with axis 1–3 cm long; peduncles 2–3 mm long; phyllodes usually 1.5–2.5 mm wide, narrow-oblanceolate; pods glabrous.
                       Back to 307
Acacia williamsonii
309South from the Blue Mtns (CT, ST).310
North from the Hunter Valley (NC, NT, NWS).
                       Back to 307
311
310Phyllodes 1–3 mm wide; racemes with axis 1–4 cm long; heads with 5–10 flowers; funicle short, not encircling seed; on the ranges south from Cooma district (ST).Acacia boormanii
Phyllodes 3–5 mm wide; racemes with axis 4–6 cm long; heads with 20–30 flowers; funicle ± encircling seed; restricted to the Blue Mtns (CT).
                       Back to 309
Acacia flocktoniae
311Confined to the escarpment ranges east of Tenterfield (NC, NT); phyllodes with marginal gland exserted; flower heads pale yellow to white.Acacia floydii
On Slopes and ranges west of Tenterfield or if east of Tenterfield flower heads bright yellow and phyllodes with 1–3 marginal glands, but glands not exserted.
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312
312Pods 8–13 mm wide; heads with 10–16 flowers.313
Pods 5–7 mm wide; headsusually with 16–30 flowers.
                       Back to 311
314
313Racemes with 5–9 heads; flower heads bright yellow; pods 10–13 mm wide; chiefly recorded for Boonoo Boonoo N.P. and the Torrington district.Acacia macnuttiana
Racemes with 10–15 heads; flower heads pale coloured; pods 8–10 mm wide; restricted to Pindari Dam.
                       Back to 312
Acacia acrionastes
314Pods usually 6–15 cm long; seeds with short funicle, not encircling seed, whitish; flower heads bright to pale yellow; chiefly in the Torrington district.Acacia betchei
Pods usually 5–8 cm long; seeds with funicle ± encircling seed, reddish; racemes with axis 2–3 cm long; flower heads bright yellow; confined to the Warrumbungle N.P.
                       Back to 312
Acacia forsythii
315Phyllodes >3 mm wide.316
Phyllodes <3 mm wide.
                       Back to 11
320
316Branchlets ± angled or flattened, glabrous or sparsely hairy; phyllodes ± obtuse; pods 2–4 mm wide, ± straight, curved to twisted or coiled.317
Branchlets ± terete, densely hairy; phyllodes ± acute; pods 6–10 mm wide, straight.
                       Back to 315
319
317Branchlets and phyllodes resinous; heads with 35–50 flowers; peduncles subtended by ovate bracts c. 2 mm long, usually persisting at least till flowers open; pods ± straight.Acacia ausfeldii
Branchlets and phyllodes not resinous; heads with 8–25 flowers; peduncles not subtended by ovate bracts; pods curved to twisted or coiled.
                       Back to 316
318
318Phyllodes 2–7 cm long, glabrous; peduncles shorter than the phyllodes; pods 2–3 mm wide, curved or twisted.Acacia microcarpa
Phyllodes 0.5–2 cm long, hairy; peduncles usually longer than the phyllodes; pods 3–4 mm wide, twisted or coiled many times.
                       Back to 317
Acacia acinacea
319Phyllodes hispid with short stiff hairs to ± glabrous, margins thickened with prominent tuberculate-based hairs, with a marginal gland near the middle of the phyllode; pods glabrous, 1- or 2-seeded; widespread north from Nowra (NC, CC, SC, NT, NWS).Acacia hispidula
Phyllodes sparsely to moderately hairy with ± straight to crisped appressed hairs, margins not thickened, with marginal gland adjacent to the pulvinus; pods hairy, 2–7-seeded; from Captains Flat to Bombabla district (ST).
                       Back to 316
Acacia costiniana
320Phyllodes ± terete or angled, 0.4–1.5 mm wide, venation usually obscure.321
Phyllodes ± flat, 1–3 mm wide, 1 longitudinal vein prominent or sometimes all veins obscure.
                       Back to 315
327
321Phyllodes 1.5–4.5 cm long; widespread north and west from Gulgong area and in the Torrington-Emmaville district (NT, NWS, CWS, NWP).322
Phyllodes usually 0.3–1.5 cm long, not conspicuously grooved when dried; widespread species (NC, CC, NT, NWS).
                       Back to 320
323
322Phyllodes without a longitudinal groove, veins absent or midvein slightly raised, lower margin not broader than upper margin; chiefly in the Pilliga Scrub and south to Gulgong area (NWS, CWS, NWP).Acacia pilligaensis
Phyllodes with a longitudinal groove when dried, lower margin slightly broader than upper margin; rare, confined to the Torrington-Emmaville district (NT, NWS).
                       Back to 321
Acacia burbidgeae
323Phyllodes regularly whorled, whorls usually >1 cm apart; marginal gland absent.Acacia baueri
Phyllodes not regularly whorled, scattered or clustered or irregularly whorled; marginal gland basal, small or inconspicuous or rarely absent.
                       Back to 321
324
324Peduncles 2–4 mm long; heads usually with 8–10 flowers; pods 1–2.5 cm long and 2.5–4 mm wide; marginal gland absent.Acacia baueri
Peduncles 5–16 mm long; heads with 16–38 flowers; pods usually >2.5 cm long and 6–15 mm wide; marginal gland present but inconspicuous.
                       Back to 323
325
325Phyllodes smooth, glabrous or with a few scattered hairs, not tuberculate-based; north from Glen Innes district (NC, NT, NWS).326
Phyllodes warty, at first hairy with tuberculate-based hairs, then becoming glabrous; confined to the lower Blue Mtns and Glenorie district (CC).
                       Back to 324
Acacia gordonii
326Flower heads ± white to bright yellow, with 20–27 flowers; branchlets sparsely hairy with longish crisped hairs or densely hairy with very short hairs; phyllodes glabrous.Acacia brunioides
Flower heads bright yellow, with 32–38 flowers; branchlets densely hairy with longish crisped hairs; phyllodes with hairs confined to lower edge.
                       Back to 325
Acacia beadleana
327Branchlets modified into spines; phyllodes obcuneate, 2–8 mm long, without marginal glands.Acacia acanthoclada
Branchlet tips not modified into spines; phyllodes ± linear to narrow-elliptic or narrow-oblanceolate, 7–25 mm long, with marginal gland near the pulvinus, often inconspicuous, or rarely absent.
                       Back to 320
328
328Phyllodes with 1 longitudinal vein prominent.329
Phyllodes with obscure venation.
                       Back to 327
335
329Midvein ± central along phyllode.330
Midvein not central, closer to one of the margins.
                       Back to 328
333
330Phyllodes and branchlets ± resinous, with simple and glandular hairs.Acacia aspera
Phyllodes and branchlets not resinous, with simple but not glandular hairs, or phyllodes glabrous.
                       Back to 329
331
331Phyllodes mostly >2 mm wide; recorded only from Parkes district (CWS).Acacia centrinervia
Phyllodes mostly <2 mm wide; more widespread species (NWS, CWS, NWP).
                       Back to 330
332
332Phyllodes 1.5–4 cm long, mostly >2.5 cm long; peduncles 2–6 mm long; in the Pilliga Scrub and south to Gulgong (NWS, CWS, NWP).Acacia pilligaensis
Phyllodes mostly 1–2.5 cm long; peduncles 3–10 mm long; north from the Bourke district (NWP).
                       Back to 331
Acacia johnsonii
333Midvein closer to the lower margin, phyllodes grooved; phyllodes >10 times as long as broad, 1.5–4.5 cm long.Acacia burbidgeae
Midvein closer to the upper margin, phyllodes not grooved; phyllodes <10 times as long as abroad, 0.7–2.5 cm long.
                       Back to 329
334
334Phyllodes ± narrow-elliptic, straight or slightly curved, sparsely hairy to glabrous; heads with 10–18 flowers; peduncles 5–12 mm long.Acacia lineata
Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, bent upwards just above the pulvinus at the gland, glabrous; heads with 4–10 flowers; peduncles 2–4 mm long.
                       Back to 333
Acacia flexifolia
335Peduncles 3–11 mm long; pods 4–6 mm wide, strongly curved or twisted, hairy; seeds longitudinal; phyllodes without or with 1 marginal gland near the middle of the phyllode.Acacia torringtonensis
Peduncles 6–15 mm long; pods 9–20 mm wide, straight, glabrous and glaucous; seeds transverse; phyllodes with 1 inconspicuous marginal gland adjacent to the pulvinus.
                       Back to 328
336
336Young phyllodes glabrous or with a few scattered hairs, peduncles c. 0.2 mm diam. and sparsely hairy; pods 10–15 mm wide; chiefly north from Warialda and Moree (NWS, NWP).Acacia conferta
Young phyllodes pubescent, peduncles c. 0.5 mm diam. and pubescent; pods mostly 8–10 mm wide; widespread, north from Katoomba and Hillston, chiefly on the Slopes (NC, CT, NWS, CWS, NWP, SWP).
                       Back to 335
Acacia mariae
337Heads ± ovoid.338
Heads globose.
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341
338Bark curling off in narrow strips; phyllodes ± terete, 13–18 cm long, 0.5–1 mm wide.Acacia curranii
Bark not curling; phyllodes linear to very narrow-elliptic, 2.5–25 cm long, 1–5 mm wide.
                       Back to 337
339
339Phyllodes mostly 2.5–10 cm long; southern and central Slopes species.340
Phyllodes usually 10–25 cm long; northern species (NC, NT, NWS).
                       Back to 338
Acacia granitica
340Phyllodes ± linear, 5–10 cm long, 1–2 mm wide; branchlets and phyllodes not resinous; pods hairy; south from the Holbrook district (SWS).Acacia phasmoides
Phyllodes ± oblanceolate, 2.5–5 cm long; 2–5 mm wide; branchlets and phyllodes resinous; pods glabrous; chiefly in the Dubbo, Gilgandra and Mendooran area (CWS).
                       Back to 339
Acacia ixodes
341Phyllodes mostly >2 mm wide (usually 2–10 mm wide), flat, linear to lanceolate, elliptic or oblanceolate or ± ovate, usually <13 times as long as broad, usually with only 1 prominent longitudinal vein visible.342
Phyllodes <2 mm wide (usually 0.5–1.5 mm wide), ± terete or angled, usually >13 times as long as broad, no venation visible, though sometimes longitudinally ribbed when dry.
                       Back to 337
354
342Branchlets resinous and phyllodes usually resinous and dotted with resin glands.343
Branchlets and phyllodes not resinous, phyllodes not dotted with resin glands.
                       Back to 341
348
343Phyllodes usually <10 times as long as broad, 1–6 cm long.344
Phyllodes mostly >10 times as long as broad; usually 2–14 cm long.
                       Back to 342
346
344Phyllodes with 2 glands, 1 near the apex and one near the base; heads with 20–30 flowers.Acacia ixodes
Phyllodes with only a basal gland; heads with 30–50 flowers.
                       Back to 343
345
345Phyllodes 1–4 cm long, ± hairy, apex ± pungent-pointed; pods hairy, curved, twisted or coiled.Acacia aspera
Phyllodes 2–7 cm long, glabrous, apex ± obtuse with a mucro but not pungent; pods glabrous, ± straight.
                       Back to 344
Acacia ausfeldii
346Pods 3–4 mm wide; phyllodes with 1 gland towards base; phyllodes with midvein only, sometimes with a secondary vein formed by the coalescing of the lateral veins; more restricted species (CC, SC, CT, ST).347
Pods 4–6 mm wide; phyllodes with 1–4 glands along margin; phyllodes with a midvein and a less prominent longitudinal vein near the upper margin; widespread species (CC, NT, CT, ST, NWS, CWS, SWS, SWP).
                       Back to 343
Acacia verniciflua
347Phyllodes usually 1–3.5 mm wide; heads 10–25-flowered; south from the Nowra district (CC, SC, ST).Acacia cognata
Phyllodes mostly 5–15 mm wide; heads 20–40-flowered; Western Blue Mtns (CT).
                       Back to 346
Acacia leprosa
348Phyllodes 1–3 cm long, margins with prominent tuberculate-based hairs; pods 6–10 mm wide, 1 or 2-seeded.Acacia hispidula
Phyllodes 2–14 cm long (usually >3 cm long), margins not as above, ± smooth; pods 3–6 mm wide; >2-seeded.
                       Back to 342
349
349Phyllodes with 1 or 2 marginal glands near the middle.350
Phyllodes with 1 marginal gland near the base.
                       Back to 348
351
350Phyllodes 2–7 cm long; heads 1–4 on axillary peduncles, each with 14–25 flowers; pods 2–3 mm wide, twisted; western species (CWS, SWP, SFWP).Acacia microcarpa
Phyllodes 4–14 cm long; heads in racemes or rarely on axillary peduncles, each with 30–45 flowers; pods 4–6 mm wide, ± straight; Broken Hill district (NFWP).
                       Back to 349
Acacia rivalis
351Branchlets densely hairy; phyllodes finely hairy; pods 4–6 mm wide; western species (SWS, NFWP).352
Branchlets glabrous or sparsely hairy; phyllodes mostly glabrous; pods 1.5–4 mm wide; widespread species but not in NFWP or SWS.
                       Back to 349
353
352Inflorescences with axis usually 1–3 mm long, rarely to 10 mm; west of Enngonia and south to Willandra Creek (SWS, NFWP).Acacia cana
Inflorescences with axis 1–20 mm long; extreme NW of the State near Tibooburra (NFWP).
                       Back to 351
Acacia calcicola
353Phyllodes 5–10 mm wide (occasionally 20); heads with 28–55 flowers; pods twisted, 1.5–3 mm wide; western species (CWS, SWP, SFWP).Acacia halliana
Phyllodes 2–3 mm wide; heads with 20–30 flowers; pods ± straight, 3–4 mm wide; north-eastern species (NC, NT).
                       Back to 351
Acacia juncifolia
354Most phyllodes <4 cm long.355
Most phyllodes >4 cm long.
                       Back to 341
357
355Pods ± straight to slightly curved, 3–4 mm wide, glabrous; phyllodes usually 1.5–4 cm long, apex subacute to acute.356
Pods usually twisted or coiled, 2–3 mm wide, ± minutely hairy; phyllodes mostly 3–13 cm long, apex pungent-pointed to acute.
                       Back to 354
Acacia rigens
356Peduncles 4–10 mm long; phyllodes with a longitudinal groove when dried; rare, confined to the Torrington-Emmaville district.Acacia burbidgeae
Peduncles 2–6 mm long; phyllodes not grooved; widespread on the Slopes, chiefly south from the Pilliga Scrub.
                       Back to 355
Acacia pilligaensis
357Phyllodes with 1 marginal gland near the middle of the phyllode, and phyllode usually incurved ± abruptly at gland; flowers 4-merous.Acacia havilandiorum
Phyllodes with a marginal gland near the base (1–10 mm from base), phyllodes ± straight or evenly curved; flowers 5-merous.
                       Back to 354
358
358Gland on phyllode 5–10 mm above base; phyllode apex ± hooked; flower heads usually in racemes with axis 5–20 mm long.Acacia calamifolia
Glands on phyllodes <4 mm from base; phyllode apex not prominently hooked; flower heads on axillary peduncles or on axillary axis <1 mm long.
                       Back to 357
359
359Pods ± minutely hairy, 2–3 mm wide, strongly curved, twisted or coiled; phyllodes 1–1.5 mm wide.Acacia rigens
Pods ± glabrous, 4–6 mm wide, ± straight; phyllodes c. 1 mm wide.
                       Back to 358
360
360Phyllodes usually 4–8 cm long; pods 3.5–5 mm wide, not moniliform; in the Blue Mtns from near Woodford to Mt Victoria (CC, CT).Acacia ptychoclada
Phyllodes mostly 8–20 cm long; pods 3–4 mm wide, ± moniliform; widespread north of Glenbrook and extending inland (NC, CC, NWS, NWP).
                       Back to 359
Acacia juncifolia
361Pinnules mostly >2 cm long.362
Pinnules <2 cm long.
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363
362Pinnules lanceolate, mostly 2.5–5 cm long; leaves with rachis mostly 5–22 cm long; pods 10–15 mm wide; Bellinger R. to the Budawang Ra. (NC, CC, NT, CT).Acacia elata
Pinnules ± narrow-elliptic, usually 1–2.5 cm long; leaves with rachis usually 1–5 cm long: pods 7–11 mm wide; confined to Bega district (SC).
                       Back to 361
Acacia blayana
363Lower surface of the pinnules distinctly paler than the upper surface.364
Lower surface of the pinnules ± the same colour as the upper surface.
                       Back to 361
366
364Petioles 0.7–4 cm long; leaves with usually 2–6 pairs of pinnae; pinnules mostly flat.Acacia terminalis
Leaves ± sessile or with petiole to 0.5 cm long; most leaves with 3–13 pairs of pinnae; pinnules recurved.
                       Back to 363
365
365Branchlets, petioles and inflorescence axes ± terete, mostly ridged but not winged, hairy.Acacia kulnurensis
Branchlets, petioles and inflorescence axes ± tetragonal with conspicuous undulate wings at each angle, ± glabrous.
                       Back to 364
Acacia alaticaulis
366Branchlets sparsely to densely hairy.367
Branchlets glabrous or almost so.
                       Back to 363
371
367Pinnae with usually 11–35 pairs of pinnules, hairy at least on the margins; jugary and interjugary glands usually present on most leaves.368
Pinnae with 2–14 pairs of pinnules; pinnules usually glabrous or almost so; jugary glands absent or minute, interjugary glands usually absent or rarely 1 at base of terminal pair of pinnae.
                       Back to 366
369
368Pinnules ± narrow-oblong, ± glabrous with margins appressed-hairy; petiolar, jugary and interjugary (1–7) glands prominent; from Gibraltar Ra. to Nymboida N.P. (NC, NT).Acacia cangaiensis
Pinnules ± lanceolate to ovate, densely silvery-hairy; petiolar, jugary and interjugary (1–3) glands often present, but small; Gloucester district to Howes Valley (NC, CC, CWS).
                       Back to 367
Acacia fulva
369Leaves with rachis <3 cm long; pods usually twisted, margins often alternately recurved to incurved.Acacia polybotrya
Leaves with rachis usually >3 cm long; pods ± flat and straight.
                       Back to 367
370
370Pinnae with 9–14 pairs of pinnules; stems and leaves often reddish; phyllodes usually present with bipinnate leaves on mature plants.Acacia rubida
Pinnae with 2–8 pairs of pinnules; stems and leaves ± glaucous; phyllodes not present on mature plants.
                       Back to 369
Acacia spectabilis
371Branchlets distinctly pruinose; pinnae mostly with 12–35 pairs of pinnules; heads with 30–60 flowers.372
Branchlets not pruinose; pinnae usually with 4–15 pairs of pinnules; heads with 15–35 flowers.
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373
372Petioles with 1 prominent elongate gland; flower heads bright yellow; north from Uralla district (NT, NWS).Acacia pruinosa
Petioles with 1 raised orbicular gland; flower heads pale yellow; from Lane Cove R. To Maitland (NC, CC, ?CWS).
                       Back to 371
Acacia schinoides
373Phyllodes sometimes present on mature plants; petiole 1–4.5 cm long with 1 prominent gland 3–15 mm above base; pinnae 1–3 pairs; heads 2–10, with inflorescence axis 0.6–5 cm long; in the Torrington district and north from Bald Rock (NT).Acacia latisepala
Without the above combination of characters and distribution.
                       Back to 371
374
374Pinnules hairy with appressed hairs, 10–34 mm long; flower heads usually in axillary and terminal panicles; confined to the Bega district (SC).Acacia blayana
Pinnules glabrous or sometimes hairy but hairs not ± appressed, 3–20 mm long; flower heads mostly in axillary racemes, rarely in panicles; widespread in the State, but not in SC.
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375
375Petioles 1–4 cm long and with a prominent gland, depressed and elongated; pinnae with 6–17 pairs of pinnules.Acacia debilis
Petioles 0.1–1.5 cm long and with an inconspicuous or minute gland (sometimes appearing absent); pinnae with 2–12 pairs of pinnules.
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376
376Heads with 12–20 flowers; peduncles 3–10 mm long; raceme axis 5–21 cm long; pinnae usually 3–5 pairs (range 2–7); rachis 1–8.5 cm long; pinnules mostly 7–16 mm long and 2.5–5 mm wide, glabrous; single-stemmed shrubs.Acacia spectabilis
Heads with 20–35 flowers; peduncles 1–4 mm long; raceme axis 1–8 cm long; pinnae usually 2 or 3 pairs (range 1–4), rachis 0.5–3 cm long; pinnules usually 4–8 mm long and 1.5–3 mm wide, hairy or glabrous; several-stemmed shrubs.
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Acacia polybotrya
377Flower heads on simple axillary peduncles.378
Flower heads on extended axillary or terminal racemes or panicles.
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380
378Stipules usually 5–25 mm long, spinescent; pods 8–17 mm wide, turgid.Vachellia farnesiana
Stipules minute or absent, not spinescent; pods 4–9 mm wide, not turgid.
                       Back to 377
379
379Peduncles 7–17 mm long, solitary in axils; pods glabrous.Acacia mitchellii
Peduncles mostly 3–10 mm long, usually in racemes with 2–12 flower heads and axis zigzagged, rarely some solitary in axils; pods hairy or rarely glabrous.
                       Back to 378
Acacia leptoclada
380Lower surface of the pinnules distinctly paler than the upper surface.381
Lower surface of the pinnules ± the same colour as the upper surface.
                       Back to 377
390
381Leaves with petiole 0.5–5.3 cm long.382
Leaves ± sessile or with petiole to 0.5 cm long.
                       Back to 380
385
382Pinnae usually 2–6 pairs (range 1–8); pinnules usually 5–15 pairs (range 5–21), 2–18 mm long, 1–5.5 mm wide; pinnules ± flat.Acacia terminalis
Pinnae mostly 7–25 pairs (range 5–31); pinnules usually 16–60 pairs (range 11–78), 1–10 mm long, 0.5–1.5 mm wide; pinnules recurved or flat.
                       Back to 381
383
383Branchlets often distinctly pruinose; pinnules glabrous to ± hairy.Acacia leucoclada
Branchlets not, or rarely slightly pruinose; pinnules hairy.
                       Back to 382
384
384Pinnules 1.5–3 mm long, upper surface green.Acacia mearnsii
Pinnules 3–10 mm long, upper surface glaucous.
                       Back to 383
Acacia silvestris
385Pinnules 1–3 mm long, 14–51 pairs; pinnae 7–27 pairs.386
Pinnules usually 3–10 mm long, 4–17 pairs; pinnae 1–13 pairs.
                       Back to 381
387
386Leaf rachis with a raised, narrow medial ridge on upper surface; pinnules glabrous; pods 7–12 mm wide, ± flat or slightly raised over seeds (Qld, N.S.W. North Coast)Acacia oshanesii
Leaf rachis with a shallow, medial groove on upper surface; pinnules ciliate; pods 4–6.5 mm wide, discernibly raised over seeds (N.S.W. South Coast)
                       Back to 385
Acacia yalwalensis
387Jugary glands usually absent, except for 1 at base of terminal pair of pinnae; flower heads cream-coloured to pale yellow; lower Hunter Valley to Mangrove Mtn and Howes Mtn.388
Jugary glands present at several pinnae pairs; flower heads yellow to bright yellow; south of Sydney and north of Taree.
                       Back to 385
389
388Stems, petioles and inflorescence axes ± terete, mostly ridged but not winged, hairy; Bucketty to Kulnura and Mangrove Mtn area and possibly near Kurri Kurri (NC, CC)Acacia kulnurensis
Stems, petioles and inflorescence axes ± tetragonal with conspicuous undulate wings at each angle, ± glabrous; restricted to the Howes Mtn area (CC).
                       Back to 387
Acacia alaticaulis
389Jugary glands absent only at basal pair of pinnae; heads with 8–15 flowers, peduncles ± glabrous; pods 5.5–8 mm wide, ± minutely hairy; south of Sydney in the Bargo, Nowra and Goulburn areas (CC, ?SC, CT, ST).Acacia jonesii
Jugary glands at lowest 1–3 pairs of pinnae and/or upper 1–3 pairs; heads with 15–30 flowers, peduncles golden pubescent; pods 4–6 mm wide, hairy with long fine hairs; inland from Macksville (NC).
                       Back to 387
Acacia chrysotricha
390Leaves with 1–3 pairs of pinnae; pinnules widely spaced, 4–10 pairs per pinnae, glabrous; confined to the Dubbo to Mudgee area and near Armidale (NT, CWS).Acacia muelleriana
Without the above combination of characters and distribution.
                       Back to 380
391
391Leaves ± sessile or petiole regularly <5 mm long (Note: lowermost pinnae may fall early, so check for scars at base of rachis/petiole).392
Leaves with petiole >5 mm long.
                       Back to 390
401
392Leaves strongly glaucous, ash grey-green or bluish; prominent jugary glands except for lowest 1 or 2 pairs of pinnae; inflorescences usually >1.5 times the length of the leaf rachis.Acacia baileyana
Leaves not distinctly glaucous, usually green, sometimes silvery or bluish grey; glands not as above; inflorescences shorter or longer than the length of the leaf rachis.
                       Back to 391
393
393Pinnules 1–2 mm wide.394
Pinnules 0.4–1 mm wide.
                       Back to 392
395
394Pinnules ± ovate to elliptic, mostly 4–10 mm long; silvery hairy; pods ± velvety hairy; Gloucester district to Howes Valley (NC, CC, CWS).Acacia fulva
Pinnules ± oblong, mostly 3–4 mm long; finely hairy, with hairs mainly on margins and midvein; pods ± sparsely to moderately hairy; inland from Macksville (NC).
                       Back to 393
Acacia chrysotricha
395Pinnules 0.8–1.5 mm long and ± ovate to ± circular, minutely warty.Acacia cardiophylla
Pinnules usually 1.5–10 mm long, ± oblong or linear, not warty.
                       Back to 393
396
396Leaves with rachis 1–12 mm long; pinnae 1–5 pairs; pinnules glabrous or ciliate; racemes with 2–12 flower heads and axis zigzagged.Acacia leptoclada
Leaves with rachis 8–65 mm long; pinnae 4–30 pairs, or if only 5 pairs then the rachis of leaves >12 mm long; pinnules glabrous or densely hairy; racemes with mostly 10–50 flower heads, axis not prominently zigzagged.
                       Back to 395
397
397Pinnules silvery to bluish grey, densely hairy, especially on lower surface; widespread species, especially on the ranges and Slopes.398
Pinnules ± green, glabrous or hairy, hairs often pale yellowish to grey; south from Lake Conjola (SC, ST).
                       Back to 396
399
398Branchlets angled; mature pinnules sparsely hairy, bluish grey to silvery; glands ± orbicular; pods usually 7–14 mm wide, glabrous, ± pruinose.Acacia dealbata
Branchlets ± terete; mature pinnules ± velvety, silvery grey; glands ± hemispherical; pods 4–7 mm wide, densely silvery- to rusty-hairy.
                       Back to 397
Acacia mollifolia
399Branchlets with knobbly ridges and minutely hairy; pinnules ± glabrous except for minutely ciliate margins and tuft of hairs at apex; heads with 30–45 flowers; pods 7–10 mm wide, hairy with ± appressed hairs; extreme far south coast (SC).Acacia constablei
Branchlets ± terete, angled or ridged but without knobbly ridges, hairy with long spreading hairs; pinnules glabrous or sparsely hairy; heads with 8–20 flowers; pods 4–8 mm wide, glabrous, ± pruinose; more widespread, south from Lake Conjola (SC, ST).
                       Back to 397
400
400Petiole 1–5 mm long; rachis 2–11 cm long with orbicular jugary glands at least at upper 2–10 pairs of pinnae, interjugary glands ± absent; pinnules usually 15–40 pairs; from Lake Conjola to the Bodalla district (SC, ST).Acacia trachyphloia
Leaves usually sessile; rachis 1.5–6.5 cm long, glands absent or small, often inconspicuous jugary or interjugary glands irregularly present; pinnules usually 5–20 pairs; western Sydney species (CC).
                       Back to 399
Acacia pubescens
401Pinnules 1–2.2 mm long; pinnae with 50–106 pairs of pinnules; petioles 1.3–3.5 cm long; heads with 7–12 flowers; restricted to the escarpment ranges in the Tuross R. Area (ST).Acacia olsenii
Pinnules usually 2.5–9 mm long; pinnae usually with 7–90 pinnules; petioles 0.5–5.3 cm long; heads with 7–50 flowers; widespread, not restricted as above.
                       Back to 391
402
402Branchlets with knobby ridges and minutely hairy; pinnules ± glabrous except for minutely ciliate margins and tuft of hairs at apex and confined to the extreme far south coast (Nadgee and Disaster Bay areas).Acacia constablei
Branchlets sometimes ridged but not knobbly; pinnules and distribution not as above.
                       Back to 401
403
403Interjugary glands present.404
Interjugary glands absent.
                       Back to 402
410
404Pinnules >1 mm wide; young leaves and branchlets pubescent with greyish to silvery hairs; 1–7 interjugary glands between pairs of pinnae, jugary glands present and 1 or 2 petiolar glands present.Acacia cangaiensis
Pinnules <1 mm wide; young leaves and branchlets glabrous or hairy; glands rarely as above.
                       Back to 403
405
405Leaves light green to green or silvery.406
Leaves dark green.
                       Back to 404
407
406Young leaves whitish silvery; mature leaves green to grey-green; branchlets and leaves with spreading ± long hairs; flower heads yellow to bright yellow.Acacia leucoclada
New growth yellow to golden to rust-coloured; mature leaves light to dark green; branchlets and leaves with short appressed yellow to whitish hairs; flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured.
                       Back to 405
Acacia deanei
407New growth yellow to golden to rust-coloured; branchlets and leaves ± densely hairy with short appressed yellow to whitish hairs; flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured.Acacia deanei
New growth green; branchlets and leaves glabrous, or sparsely to densely hairy with spreading or appressed white to grey hairs, but hairs not yellowish; flower heads bright yellow to pale yellow.
                       Back to 405
408
408Flower heads bright yellow; pinnules 4–10 mm long and 0.4–0.6 mm wide; petioles with 1–5 prominent glands; pods 6–17 mm wide, pruinose.Acacia filicifolia
Flower heads pale to bright yellow; pinnules 2–7 mm long and 0.5–1 mm wide; petioles with 1 to several small glands; pods 3.5–9 mm wide, not pruinose or only slightly so.
                       Back to 407
409
409Heads with 14–20 flowers, pale yellow; buds divergent in heads; branchlets densely hairy with appressed or spreading greyish white hairs; bark silvery or blackish grey.Acacia parvipinnula
Heads with 25–50 flowers, pale to bright yellow; buds compact in heads; branchlets glabrous or with short appressed hairs; bark greenish black to dark brown.
                       Back to 408
Acacia parramattensis
410Pinnules >1 mm wide, 1 or 2 secondary veins often visible; jugary glands present or absent.411
Pinnules <1 mm wide, mostly 1-veined; jugary glands regularly present at base of all pinnae pairs or rarely irregularly present or absent (A. parvipinnula).
                       Back to 403
415
411Heads with 7–10 flowers; mature plants usually with some phyllodes; pinnules 2.5–6 mm long and 1.5–2 mm wide; pods 3.5–6 mm wide; jugary glands absent.Acacia nana
Heads with 15–50 flowers; phyllodes not present; pinnules 6–34 mm long, or if <6 mm then pinnules 0.4–1.3 mm wide; pods usually 6–13 mm wide; jugary glands absent or irregularly present.
                       Back to 410
412
412Flower heads pale yellow to cream-coloured; pinnae usually with 7–45 pairs pinnules.413
Flower heads bright yellow; pinnae usually with 4–14 pairs of pinnules.
                       Back to 411
414
413Heads with 27–50 flowers; pinnules glabrous or sparsely ciliate, 6–23 mm long and 1–5 mm wide; interjugary glands absent; Lane Cove R. To Maitland (NC, CC, ?CWS).Acacia schinoides
Heads with 15–30 flowers; pinnules sparsely to moderately appressed-hairy, 1.5–5 mm long and 0.5–1.3 mm wide; interjugary glands absent or 1–3 sometimes present; widespread, chiefly on the Slopes (NWS, CWS, SWS, NWP, SWP).
                       Back to 412
Acacia deanei
414Pinnules 3–13 mm long; petioles 0.3–1.5 cm long; jugary glands usually not present at base of all pinnae pairs; pods usually 4–8 mm wide, often twisted and constricted between seeds; north from Sandy Hollow (NWS, CWS, NWP).Acacia polybotrya
Pinnules 10–34 mm long; petioles 1.3–4 cm long; jugary glands present at base of all pinnae pairs; pods 7–11 mm wide, not twisted, ± flat; confined to Bega district (SC).
                       Back to 412
Acacia blayana
415Ridge on the underside of petioles continuous with the branchlets and forming wing-like ridges on branchlets.Acacia decurrens
Petioles not continuous with branchlets; branchlets without ridges or ridges not wing-like.
                       Back to 410
416
416Pinnules widely spaced, 4–9 mm long and 0.25–0.4 mm wide; confined to the Goulburn R. N.P. (CWS).Acacia dangarensis
Pinnules otherwise; more widespread species.
                       Back to 415
417
417Leaves greyish green to silvery.418
Leaves light to dark green.
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419
418Young leaves whitish yellow to golden-yellow; glands ± orbicular; pods glabrous, pruinose.Acacia dealbata
Young leaves silver grey or rusty; glands ± hemispherical; pods densely silvery grey to rusty-hairy.
                       Back to 417
Acacia mollifolia
419Branchlets and leaf axes with greyish long and spreading or tuberculate-based hairs.Acacia irrorata
Branchlets and leaf axes ± glabrous or with appressed hairs, but hairs neither long and spreading nor tuberculate-based.
                       Back to 417
420
420Stems blue-glaucous or blue-brown or blue-black; petiole with 1-several glands; 1–3 interjugary glands usually present on rachis between each pair of pinnae or sometimes absent; new growth white or cream-coloured to dark yellow.Acacia parvipinnula
Stems brown or blackish or green or grey-brown, not glaucous; petiole with 1 gland; 1–3 interjugary glands usually irregularly present on rachis between each pair of pinnae, but not present on all leaves; new growth yellow or greenish yellow.
                       Back to 419
421
421Heads with 20–50 flowers; pinnules glabrous except for appressed-ciliate margins; leaves usually with 8 or more pairs of pinnae; chiefly east and south from the CT (mainly in the Sydney Basin).Acacia parramattensis
Heads with 15–30 flowers; pinnules densely to sparsely hairy, or ± glabrous; leaves usually with 8 or fewer pairs of pinnae; mostly north, south and west from the CT.
                       Back to 420
Acacia deanei

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